an acid is a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions, H+, in water. A few acids, such as hydrocloric acid, HCL, are called strong acids since they ionise completely in water: HCL(aq) H+ + CL- Most acids, typically denoted in general as HA, however, are weak since they release only a limited potion of their hydrogen as H+ in water. The reason for this limitation is that the ions H+ and A- exist in equiibrium with the dissolved but ionised form HA: HA(aq) H+ +A
Compounds often found in plants, particularly fruits, which shrink tissues and prevent the secretion of fluids. They taste sour or tart.
compounds that release hydrogen ions (H+) when the compounds are placed in water.
Solutions with a pH range between 0 to 6.9. They are corrosive between pH 0 and 2.0 and produce severe burns on contact. See also pH. Uses: Many cleaning products (e.g., delimers, bathroom cleaners, bowl cleaners) are acidic. Acute health effects - Effects which occur rapidly as a result of short-term (usually less than 24 hours) exposures. Acute effects are usually of short duration, but long term effects can occur after one exposure. Examples include irritation, corrosivity, chemicallyinduced unconsciousness (narcosis), or death.
group of chemical compounds which give grape juice and wine its tang and ability to refresh. Most common acids in grape juice are tartaric and malic.
Chemical compounds which yield hydrogen ions or protons when dissolved in water, whose hydrogen can be replaced by metals or basic radicals, or which react with bases to form salts and water (neutralization). An extension of the term includes substances dissolved in media other than water. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Normally a water-soluble compound containing hydrogen and other elements that are capable of reacting with a base to form a salt. They turn blue litmus paper red.
one of a class of substances compounded of hydrogen and one or more other elements, capable of uniting with a base to form a salt, and in aqueous solution, turning blue litmus paper red.
These chemicals are usually highly corrosive and may be used (in conjunction with other compounds) to "acid-etch" metals, smooth concrete, etc.