The formation of partial vacuum when pump capacity exceeds water replacement supply. The formation and sudden collapse of vapor bubbles in a liquid, usually resulting from low local pressures, as on the trailing edge of a propeller.
Formulation and sudden collapse of vapor bubbles in a liquid; usually resulting from local low pressures - as on the trailing edge of a propeller; this develops momentary high local pressure which can mechanically destroy a portion of a surface on which the bubbles collapses.
In a heat transfer system, failure of the material to flow to the suction of the system pump for any reason.
The rapid creation and disintegration of vapor bubbles that occurs when the pressure on the water is less than the vapor pressure. This usually occurs in a centrifugal pump at the impeller. When water enters the eye of the impeller an increase in velocity takes place accompanied by lower water pressure.
The formation and collapse of cavities or bubbles within a liquid.
Steam (water vapor) bubbles generated on the low pressure side of a screw blade. At depth, the bubbles migrate into the wake and experience static pressure of the deep and collapse, emitting a screaming noise. A dead giveaway that a submarine is accelerating. Surface ships always cavitate, since the water pressure is insufficient to keep bubbles from forming on the low pressure side of a prop blade.
Status in which the pump impeller is not receiving a full supply of material. This can be due to reduced flow or over rotation. Excessive pump RPM can cause a vortex in the eye of the impeller. Air bubbles attach to the metal surfaces and, under extreme pressure, implode, taking tiny bits of metal away with each implosion, pitting the impeller and volute surfaces. Excessive cavitation can cause severe, permanent damage to the pump components, resulting in poor performance.
In the case of propellers this is the action of water boiling or vaporising in the extremely low pressures generated on the back of a propeller blade, if water is unable to fill the void created by the push of the blade through the water. Can be caused by poor blade design, damaged blades, excessive rpm's or simply too much power for too small a propeller. In severe and prolonged cases this can erode the metal from the propeller blade.
Localised boiling of water below 100¡C caused by a reduction in pressure due to flow conditions.
Cavitation is when water is "broken apart." It occurs in vessels and tracheids when the tension on the water being pulled through the xylem becomes too great and breaks the column of water producing bubbles in these cells. Cavitation also occurs when the propeller of a boat begins to spin and ceases to propel the boat in a tight turn.
Plucking of material from the floor of a channel caused by the sharply reduced pressures associated with extreme flow velocities.
the sequential formation and collapse of vapor bubbles and voids in a liquid subjected to acoustic energy at high frequency and intensity (analgous to thermal boiling but without the associated rise in temperature of the mass of liquid, although localized temperatures on the molecular level can be extremely high).
formation of a vapor pocket (bubble) due to sudden lowering of pressure in a liquid, and often causing metal erosion and eventual pump destruction.
Production of gas from liquid.
Process in which small bubbles are formed and implode violently. This results in aggressive cleaning action in ultrasonic cleaners.
a localized gaseous condition within a liquid stream that occurs where the pressure is reduced to the vapor pressure.
the formation and collapse of vapor bubbles forming in a pumping situation when the pressure in the suction line or pump is reduced to the vapor pressure of the water; may cause pumping inefficiency and damage to the pump.
Formation of a void due to reduced pressure in a lubricating grease dispensing system.
The production of voids, in a liquid system due to extreme reduction of internal pressure. Collapse of these voids or cavities produces very large impulsive pressure which can cause considerable damage to nearby surfaces. Cavitation is frequent on high speed propeller blades and also occurs in the region of the electrical heating element in a bubble jet (see Thermal Impulse) system due to the rapid collapse of the bubbles. Cavitation, if prolonged and great enough, will frequently cause destruction, ablation or erosion of a solid surface.
The sudden formation and collapse of air bubbles in water due to turbulence. If air bubbles pass over the face of the transducer, the signal from the transducer is reflected back by the air bubbles. These reflections are very strong and will result in "noise" which will interfere with bottom, structure and fish signals, making them difficult or impossible to see.
when the pressure in a system drops part of the flowing liquid either turns to a vapour or releases gasses that were in solution causing meter damage or erroneous readings.
The formation and subsequent collapse of vaporous cavities within a liquid; caused by movement or vibration within the liquid film.
Erosion of hydraulic structure surfaces (e.g. steel or concrete) due to the implosion of cavities in a fluid, particularly evident in areas of high flow and marked change of pressures, and characterised by pitting of the surface. It can be structurally damaging if severe and not addressed.
the release of a gas bubble from a joint that has been adjusted which is responsible for the "popping" noise (this is not a "crack")
The shock of thousands of bubbles collapsing inside the pump quickly pitting metal surfaces and seals. Cavitation, also known as starving the pump, is caused by lack of water at the inlet of the pump.
A physical process of vacuum bubble formation occuring in liquids due to the mechanical vibrations (as at cyliner liner walls) or due to high speed flow changes (as with water pump impellers.) Cavitation can cause damage to the metal surfaces unless proper protection is provided by the coolants additive package
A circumstance that occurs in pumps when existing space is not filled by available fluid. Cavitation will deteriorate the hydraulic oil and cause erosion of the inlet metal.
Steam bubbles formed by the trailing edge of a submarine propeller when it rotates too quickly. Cavitation is easily heard on sonar.
expansion of an air bubble in a tracheary element.
the vaporization of a liquid under the suction force of a pump, usually due to inadequate flow to a pump. The vaporization can create voids within the pump supply line. In SPF spray pumps, cavitation will result in off-ration foam.
The sudden formation and collapse of low pressure bubbles in liquids by means of mechanical force.
Air bubbles in a closed water system. Greatly reduces efficiency in a hydro turbine generator system, and can damage water pumps and pipes in a home water supply system.
Formation of a cavity or partial vacuum around a fan, propeller, or impeller that is revolving above a certain critical speed causing a loss of efficiency.
A phenomenon whereby liquid flowing through a valve under reduced pressure will form gaseous bubbles which will collapse upon pressure recovery, producing potential trim damage. This is a concern when high-pressure drops exist across the valve.
Process in which small bubbles are formed and implode violently; occurs when NPSHa NPSHr.
1. the rapid formation and collapse of vapor pockets in a flowing liquid in regions of very low pressure. 2. such a pocket formed. (Webster) Photos of Different Types of Cavitation
The formation and rapid collapse within a liquid of cavities or bubbles that contain vapour or gas or both.
the formation of gaseous bubbles in a liquid because of the impact of a swiftly moving object; brain damage occurs when gaseous bubbles form within brain cells and then burst as they return to a liquid state
The sudden collapse of gas bubbles due to the sudden pressure increase.
The formation and collapse of gas pockets or bubbles on the blade of an impeller or the gate of a valve; collapse of these pockets or bubbles drives water with such force that it can cause pitting of the gate or valve surface.
Inefficient low-pressure pockets on propellers form bubbles that collapse against the blades resulting in premature wear.
The formation and instantaneous collapse of innumerable tiny voids or cavities within a liquid subjected to rapid and intense pressure changes. Cavitation produced by ultrasonic radiation is sometimes used to effect violent localized agitation. Cavitation caused by severe turbulent flow often leads to cavitation damage.
The boiling of a liquid caused by a decrease in pressure rather than an increase in temperature.
An undesirable condition in which vacuum pockets form within the pump. The air pockets eventually implode under pressure, resulting in the pitting of the impeller and volute surfaces.
The rapid formation and depletion of air bubbles that can damage the material at the solid/liquid interface under conditions of severe turbulent flow.
Erosion by suction, especially in the partial vacuum of a diverging jet.
Cavitation is caused when air gets into your pump - damaging it as the pump expands and contracts. It's also known as “starving†the pump.
A two stage phenomenon of liquid flow. The first stage is the formation of voids or cavities within the liquid system; the second stage is the collapse or implosion of these cavities back into an all liquid state.
Noise or vibration causing damage to the turbine blades as a results of bubbles that form in the water as it goes through the turbine which causes a loss in capacity, head loss, efficiency loss, and the cavity or bubble collapses when they pass into higher regions of pressure.
the rapid formation and collapse of vapor pockets in a flowing liquid in regions of very low pressure. The xylem cells in a seedling cavitate as the seedling fails to take up water under drought conditions. See 'plant moisture stress'.
Cavitation is what happens when the boat motor is mounted too high, or the water is too shallow, and the propeller doesn't catch enough water to propel the boat, causing the motor to “rev up”.
Eddying of water off the edges of water pump impellor blades, generating aerated bubbles in the water which can turn to steam and worsen hot spots. Much more detrimental in turbo engines or ported heads. Also promotes corrosion in all engine cooling systems.
the rapid formation and collapse of bubbles in a liquid.
is a phenomenom causing vacuum pockets to form within the pump that eventually emplode under pressure pitting the impeller and volute surfaces.
The vacuum created when the discharge capacity of the pump exceeds the replacement in the suction line. Cavitation occurs when the pump is oversized, when the diameter of the influent line is too small or when there is an excessively long influent line. Cavitation causes bubbling and vibrations that can damage the pump if they occur over an extended period.
Process of intense erosion due to the surface collapse of air bubbles found in constricted rapid flows of water. Causes the detachment of material from a surface.
The rapid formation and depletion of air bubbles within a metal during the solid/liquid interface. Cavitation can cause permanent damage to the material.
A condition which can occur in liquid-handling machinery (e.g. centrifugal pumps) where a system pressure decrease in the suction line and pump inlet lowers fluid pressure and vaporization occurs. The result is mixed flow which may produce vibration.
The formation and collapse of a gas pocket or bubble on the blade of an impeller or the gate of a valve. The collapse of this gas pocket or bubble drives water into the impeller or gate with a terrific force that can cause pitting on the impeller or gate surface.
A phenomenon in which low pressure on the back of a propeller blade allows bubbles to form.
If pressure at any point inside a pump drops below the vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the liquid, the liquid will vaporize and form cavities of vapor. The vapor bubbles are carried along with the stream until a region of higher pressure is reached, then they collapse or implode with a tremendous shock on the adjacent walls.
a phenomenon in which the pressure within a liquid falls to a level low enough for the liquid to vaporise and form local cavities; this may occur in a propeller rotating in water causing a drop in propeller efficiency and pitting on blade surfaces
Cavitation is a general term used to describe the behavior of voids or bubbles in a liquid. Cavitation is usually divided into two classes of behavior: inertial (or transient) cavitation and non-inertial cavitation. Inertial cavitation is the process where a void or bubble in a liquid rapidly collapses, producing a shock wave.