Coesite is a form of silicon dioxide that is formed when very high pressure (2–3 gigapascals) and moderately high temperature (700 °C) are applied to quartz. Coesite was first created by Loring Coes, Jr. in 1953. In 1960, coesite was found by Eugene Shoemaker to naturally occur in the Barringer Crater, which was evidence that the crater must have been formed by an impact.