In United States jurisprudence, Court of Common Pleas is a term referring to a court of certain jurisdiction. It stems from the Court of Common Pleas in the English legal system and was brought to the United States by the colonial settlers along with the rest of the English common law tradition.
The Court of Common Pleas was the second oldest common law court (after Exchequer) established during the late 12th century, and dealt with civil cases between party and party. It was the busiest court in the 15th century and had a Chief Justice and five puisne judges. It was seated at Westminster Hall and on pleas over account, covenant, debt, detinue and land it had a near monopoly.