Dardania in Greek mythology is the name of a city founded on Mount Ida by Dardanus from which also the region and the people took their name. It lay on the Hellespont, and is the source of the strait's modern name, the Dardanelles.

Dardania (Serbian and Macedonian: Дарданија, Dardanija; Albanian: Dardania) was a region encompassing southern parts of Serbia, including the area of the modern-day province of Kosovo (since 1999 under UN administration), mostly, but not entirely, western parts of the Republic of Macedonia, and parts of north-eastern Albania.