See subsampling.

Downsampling (or subsampling) is the process of reducing the sampling rate of a signal. This is usually done to reduce the data rate or the size of the data.

An electronic enlargement of part of the image making it appear to be closer or bigger, simulating an optical zoom lens at a telephoto setting. The image is actually being cropped resulting in loss of surrounding pixels and, thus, resolution. In some Digicams, interpolation is used to offset this loss.

To reduce the amount of information in an image, usually to make it smaller or to discard some colors when changing bit depth.  Also used when reducing the number of pixels in an image.

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