downward curvature of a leaf, leaf part, or stem.

The downward curling of leaf edges, typically a symptom of certain viral diseases.

A bending of plant parts (e.g. stems or leaf petioles) downwards due to increased growth on the upper side of an affected plant part. Often associated with the plant growth regulator herbicides.

An abnormal downward-curving growth or movement of a leaf, leaf part, or stem.

A downward bending of flower parts or leaves. Epinasty is different from wilting in that the tissues aren’t suffering from lack of water, but are misshapen from uneven cell growth on one side of the plant part.

Downward curling of a leaf blade resulting from more rapid cell growth on the upper side of a petiole than on the lower side; often a hyperplastic symptom of plant disease. ( 20)

Twisting or curling of leaves and stems caused by uneven growth of cells. This is a characteristic reaction from treatment with 2,4-D and other growth regulators.