Definitions for "Grain direction"
refers to the machine direction of the paper as it was made on the paper machine
A fundamental property of paper resulting from the alignment of fibers flowing onto the paper machine. Grain influences other characteristics of paper. A sheet of paper will contract more across the grain than it does parallel to the grain. Heavier weight paper, like cover and bristol may fold without scoring when folded parallel to the grain. A sheet of paper will generally offer greater resistance to being torn in the direction across its grain; also paper will demonstrate greater tensile strength in the direction of the grain.
the direction that the majority of fibers run in a finished piece of paper. This determines the direction at which the paper moves through a press. When the paper is cut to finished size it will either be long grained (grain running the longest side of the paper) or short grained (the opposite). Paper folds better along the grain and resists tearing against the grain.
The arrangement of a pattern on the material.