Penistone is a small market town in the metropolitan borough of Barnsley, in South Yorkshire, England, with a population of 8,727 inhabitants (according to 2001 Census). It lies about eight miles west of the town of Barnsley, in the foothills of the Pennines.

Penistone was a Parliamentary constituency covering the town of Penistone in Yorkshire and surrounding countryside. It returned one Member of Parliament to House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.