toxic compound that inactivates topoisomerases; derived from the green fruit of the mayapple and bajiaolian plants; derivatives, etoposide and teniposide, are used in cancer chemotherapy.

Podophyllotoxin, otherwise known as podofilox is a non-alkaloid toxin present at concentrations of 0.3 to 1.0% by mass in the rhizome of American Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum. Another common source of podophyllotoxin are the rhizomes of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle (Berberidaceae).