Definitions for "Randomized Controlled Trial"
Related Terms:
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In a randomized controlled trial, the impact of a program is determined by randomly assigning individuals to an intervention group or control group.
a type of trial. The technique divides individuals at random into a group which receives an intervention, e.g. a treatment, and a group which does not. The impact of the intervention is assessed by comparing the outcome in these two groups.
For the purposes of this guideline, a study in which subjects are assigned to conditions on the basis of chance, and where at least one of the conditions is a control or a comparison condition.
an experimental method whereby subjects are randomly allocated to either a group receiving a `treatment' or another which acts as a control', so that the effects of the treatment can be established. The method is effective in ruling out spurious causation.
A clinical research trial set up to evaluate a new form of treatment or a new drug, by comparing it to an existing one (the control group). In this, the most scientifically correct form of research, patients agree to be "randomized," or assigned to one or the other form of treatment in a random fashion: neither the patient nor the treating physician can choose to which group the patient will belong. Thus, any possible bias is eliminated. In the case of Twin-to-twin Transfusion Syndrome, a randomized controlled trial is currently in progress. Our Fetal Treatment Center participates in the first such trial, sponsored by Eurofoetus
A randomized controlled trial is a rigorous scientific experiment where study subjects are randomly allocated into groups to receive or not to receive the medication/intervention under investigation.
controlled clinical trial in which the study groups are created through randomization.
A study in which subjects are assigned to conditions on the basis of chance and where at least one of the conditions is a control or a comparison condition (e.g., where a placebo is given).
An experiment in which investigators randomly assign eligible subjects (or other units of study) into groups to receive or not receive one or more interventions that are being compared. The results are analyzed by comparing outcomes in the groups.
Study design where treatments, interventions, or enrollment into different study groups are assigned by random allocation rather than by conscious decisions of clinicians or patients. If the sample size is large enough, this study design avoids problems of bias and confounding variables by assuring that both known and unknown determinants of outcome are evenly distributed between treatment and control groups. ( Therapy)
a true prospective experiment in which investigators randomly assign an eligible sample of patients to one or more treatment groups and a control group and follow patients' outcomes. (Also known as randomized clinical trial.)
A study in which subjects are assigned to the experimental or control group by a random selection procedure before data collection begins.
The ideal experimental epidemiological study design, in which individuals are randomly assigned to different preventive or therapeutic interventions and are then followed prospectively to assess any differences in outcomes between the intervention ("test") groups and the control group(s). Such randomization tends to make study groups comparable in every respect that can affect the outcome. Most often, randomized controlled trial studies are conducted "blind" - i.e., participants do not know which treatment/exposure they are receiving. Ideally, randomized controlled trials are "double blind": neither the participants nor the observers (including caregivers) know which treatment/exposure is given to whom until the end of the trial.
A research study that uses two or more groups of research subjects. The treatment group receives the experimental treatment while the control group receives either a placebo or current standard treatment. (If the research is also a clinical trial, these research subjects are people.)
A clinical trial that involves at least one test treatment and one control treatment, in which the treatments administered are selected by a random process (e.g., coin flips or a random-numbers table).
a clinical trial in which participants are assigned randomly to treatment groups. Ideally it is also double blind and neither the investigator nor the participants are aware of the nature of the treatment given.
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a scientific procedure most commonly used in testing medicines or medical procedures. It is a trial that uses randomized control. This is considered the most reliable form of scientific evidence because it eliminates all forms of cognitive bias.