the chief sun god; drives away winter and storms and brightens the earth with greenery; drives away evil and brings of justice and compassion

Shamash was the common Akkadian name of the sun-god in Babylonia and Assyria, corresponding to Sumerian Utu.

The master light on a Hanukiah, used to kindle the other lights for Chanukah.

Heb. Leader candle on the hanukkiah.