The separation of materials of different chemical types by exploiting the relative chelating ability of different chemicals which preferentially dissolve in one of the two phases. In spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, liquid-liquid contact of two immiscible solvents (one aqueous, one organic) permits recovery and separation of uranium and plutonium in one phase and fission products in the other phase.
A process of extracting the essential oil from a raw material by exposing it to chemicals that strip away the non-soluble matter and leave the essential oil to behind. This method is used primarily for vegetable matter that is not very rich in aroma (bark, gums, resins) and animal matter (like ambergris, musk or castorium)
A method of separating oils from their base using a liquid in which the oil is soluble. The oil is then distilled and the solvent is evaporated leaving the oil.
a process used to selectively separate dissolved metals such as uranium, copper, nickel, cobalt and vanadium from impurities or each other. A solution of a metal leached from an ore is mixed with an organic solvent containing specialist extractant chemicals. The aqueous and organic phases form an emulsion in which the extractant chemicals in the organic solvent bind to the metal ions and pull the metal into the organic phase. The mixture is left to settle so that the organic and aqueous phases separate. The organic phase containing the concentrated, purified metal is removed. The metal ions are then transferred from the solvent back into an aqueous solution from which they can be recovered in high purity.
A technology that uses a solvent to separate or remove hazardous contaminants from soil. See technology description of Chemical_Extraction.
also known as liquid-liquid extraction, and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds based on their solution preferences for two different immiscible liquids, usually water and an organic solvent. It is an extraction of a substance from one liquid phase into another liquid phase. Liquid-liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is done in separating funnels, as well as a common process in chemical industry and ore processing. en.wikipedia.org
Solvent extraction is a method for separating mixtures by exploiting differences in the solubilities of the components. For example, a coffee machine extracts the soluble components of ground coffee with water, and leaves the insoluble components behind. The sample is shaken or mixed with solvent (or with two immiscible solvents) to effect the separation. The "like dissolves like" is a useful guide for selecting solvents to use in the extraction. Nonpolar substances are usually successfully extracted into nonpolar solvents like hexane or methylene chloride. Polar and ionic substances are often extracted with water.
A process of extracting fragrant oils from plant material by using heated solvents, such as hexane, to remove the essential oil. This process is generally used for the more delicate flowers that cannot withstand the process of steam distillation.
Separating solvents by adding a solution in which some solvents dissolve while others remain insoluble.
A method of obtaining oils from oil bearing materials by treatment with a volatile liquid in which the oil is soluble. This mixture is then distilled so that the solvent is evaporated (and used again), leaving behind the crude oil.
Refining process used to separate reactive components from lube distillates in order to improve the oil's oxidation stability, viscosity index, and response to additives.
