One of the sections of the Vedas, forming, with one or two exceptions, the concluding chapters of the Aranyakas and containing the Vedanta philosophy. (See Vedas) There are one hundred and eight Upanishads extant, of which eleven are the most important.

Scriptures located at the end of the vedas and of which they constitute the philosophical essence. The teachings coming out of the upanishads are called vedanta. See advaita vedanta page.

According to some 'the sitting down at the feet of another to listen to his words', acquiring profound secretive knowledge in this manner. But native authorities claim that the term means 'setting at rest ignorance by revealing the knowledge of the supreme spirit'. In the Upanishads nothing is spoken of as a means to the attainment of the highest end of man (enlightenment) of the self and Brahman; texts such as Isha, Kena, Brihadaranyaka are well worth our study. The novel mentions others.

A group of writings which were added to the Vedas. The focus of these writings is more on the nature of existence and consciousness and less on ceremony and ritual as described in the Vedas. They also teach that solutions to problems are not as important as rising above the problem and refusing to dwell on it. This provided support for the caste system.

The latest of the writings to be considered part of the Vedas, written between the eighth and third centuries bce. These are collections of stories, discussions, and instructions addressing issues of the relationship between the human and the ultimate realms.

Key scripture of later Vedantic Hinduism.

The philosophical chapters of the Vedas, organized into 108 books. They are also called Vedanta, meaning "the culmination of Vedic knowledge," and were explained systematically by Dvaipayana Vyasa in his Vedanta-sutra.

Commentaries on the Vedas, written in dialog form, forming the basis for vedanta’s non-dual philosophy. There are 108 Upanishads.

Any of a group of late Vedic metaphysical treatises dealing with man in relation to the universe.

The well—known scriptures of the Hindus, containing the philosophy of the Vedas. They are one hundred and eight in number and of them eleven are called major Upanishads.

Sacred texts of Hinduism created by ancient sages after deep studies of life and metaphysics.

the end part of the Vedas, a collection of sacred texts. Root, Upa, under; ni, near and sad, sit. Sitting at the feet of an illumined master. The Upanishads reveal the accumulated wisdom of the sages, which show the path to ultimate knowledge of the Brahman

Genre of Vedic texts that were the last to be added (and thus also known as Vedanta, "the end of the Vedas), written between 1000 and 500 BCE. The Upanishads are much less concerned with Vedic gods and rituals than other Vedic texts, and focus on philosophical and mystical questions about reality. The Upanishads contain the teaching that atman (the self) is Brahman (ultimate reality), and that knowledge of Brahman brings release ( moksa) from the suffering of rebirth ( samsara). The later Upanishads are less philosophical and more sectarian.

knowledge portion of the Vedas, texts dealing with the Ultimate Truth and its realisation. 108 Upanishads are regarded as important ones of which ten are regarded as most important

'Sitting near', derived from 'upa' + 'ni' + verb-root 'shad'. Fourth and final portion of the Vedas. Collection of profound texts expounded by the ancient rishis primarily revolving around the philosophical discussion of the nature of the ãtmã, the world, mãyã, and reality. Traditionally numbering 108, ten are considered to be the 'principal Upanishads' upon which philosophers, particularly the ãchãryas, have written comprehensive commentaries.

mystical texts and teachings given by ancient rishis, attached to the Vedas (see Vedas).

108 philosophical treatises found within the Vedas.

These are the teachings of the ancient Indian Sages. Their central statement is that the Self of a human being is the same as Brahman, the Absolute or Supreme Consciousness. The goal of life, according to the Upanishads, is realisation of this Identiy.

Major Hindu text. First attempt to systematize the philosophical content of the Vedas.

"Sitting near devotedly;" the name of the final portion of the Vedas; divinely revealed to rishis who thus expounded the ultimate nature of God, soul and world and answered the philosophical queries of devotees.

Vedic philosophical texts or scriptures occuring at the end of the Vedas characterised by mystical and philosophical speculation on the nature of the self and ultimate Reality

One of the sections of the Vedas. There are 108 Upanishads extant, of which 11 are the most important. Regarded as sacred revelation and composed over thousands of years, predating the origins of Buddhism circa 500 B.C.E. and continuing into the 20th century. See: Vedas

A series of vedic scriptures

the underlying mystery, the secret doctrine. Philosophical part of the V e d a s, a hundred-eight in number (see also v e d a) meant to comprehend the personal nature of the Absolute Truth. In the B h â g a v a t a m they are summarized in 10.87.

The later and more philosophical portion of the the Vedas ( the oldest of the Hindu scriptures).

Revelation; text dealing with Ultimate Truth and Its Realization.

Old Hindu scriptures.

literally, "sitting below or beneath;" an interpretive teaching commentary on the Vedas, the Upanishads center primarily upon the concept of Brahman as the absolute principle of creation that is present within every living thing as Atman.

pan i shad, U ni shäd] Later books of the Vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by Brahmans to restore religious authority. (p. 188)