A general term used to describe the effects of a programme on society. Impacts can be either positive or negative and foreseen or unforeseen. Initial impacts are called results, whilst longer-term impacts are called outcomes. See also outcomes, results.

The significant consequences of a government program activity, either intended or unintended, and either positive or negative.

usually used to refer to long-term program outcomes.

_ "Impacts" and "Effects" are synonymous. See "Effects" for a complete description.

The effect of one thing upon another. Impacts may be beneficial or adverse. (See ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES).

Positive or negative effects upon the natural or human environment resulting from transportation projects.

Positive and negative, primary and secondary long-term effects produced by a development intervention, directly or indirectly, intended or unintended (DAC).

Impacts or final outputs are those outcomes which occur as a result of a project's activities

The effects of a transportation project, including (a) direct (primary) effects; (b) indirect (secondary) effects; and (c) cumulative effects.