A sprinkling, as with water or dust, in a literal sense.

The spreading of calumniations reports or charges which tarnish reputation, like the bespattering of a body with foul water; calumny.

the act of sprinkling water in baptism (rare)

A method of preventing frost damage by spraying the vines with water and allowing them to freeze, creating an insulating cocoon.

Aspersion is the act of sprinkling with water, especially holy water. Aspersion is a method used in baptism as an alternative to immersion or affusion. The word is formed of the Latin aspergere, 'to sprinkle', of ad, 'to', and spargo, 'I scatter'.