Voids or holes in a casting that may occur due to entrapped air or shrinkage during solidification of heavy sections.

Defects in plated through-hole solder joints, where gases burst through solder as it solidifies, usually at the bottom of a fillet. Cavities are often deep and not washable. Compare with pinholes.

Voids or pores which may occur due to entrapped gas or shrinkage during solidification, usually evident in heavy sections (see porosity).

Round, vertical hole through a sea-cliff. When water and air are forced into the hole through wave action, jets, fountains and sprays of water can occur.

The holes in the head plate or blow plate of a core-blowing machine through which sand is blown from the reservoir into the core box. The irregular shaped cavities with smooth walls produced in a casting when gas is entrapped during mold filling. The gas sources may be air, binder decomposition products or gases dissolved in the molten steel. See Blow.