A term indicating abnormally increased movement of a vertebra in relation to its neighbour immediately above or below.

A term used to describe an abnormal increase in the movement of one vertebrae to another.

When vertebrae move beyond their normal range of motion.

abnormal motion or shifting of the spine which may result in a painful condition or nerve compression

A condition in the spine which results in motion occurring between two or more vertebrae, usually the result of degenerative disease. Flexion and Extension X-rays are often helpful in making this diagnosis.