Pretty basic: sharing usually refers to the action where you make resources you have available to others. Naturally this can be money, food, etc, but in the Internet it commonly refers to copying files or making files available to be copied by other people. Files can be programs, documents, movies, pictures, music, etc.

a resource offered by the server to the clients

This the logical construct (or object) that exposes a resource (e.g. a printer) to other computers using Microsoft Windows Networking. One creates a share for a resource using that resource's Sharing property page. Resources that don't have a share are not directly visible to other computers on the network.

A network resource exported by a server. It usually corresponds directly to a directory on the server which has been exported for network access.

The process of making an NFS resource available for mounting by remote NFS clients.

To make resources, such as directories and printers, available to network users.

To make resources available on the school network or the Internet

Allow teachers to download and use a Learning Resource

A resource that is made public on a machine.

The same as entitlement. The amount of resources that are planned to be consumed by a certain job, user, or project.