In Flight Refueling.

nstrument light ules. Visibility is too poor for reliance on seeing landmarks for navigation. Pilots must rely on instruments to maintain proper course and aircraft orientation (preferably upright). To fly IFR a pilot must have additional training and the appropriate endorsement on his license. The FAA requires that all flights within the airspace of certain major airports operate IFR regardless of weather conditions. (see VFR)

The system under which pilots fly by reference to the instruments, possibly in clouds and bad weather, under the direction of air traffic controllers. It requires a airplane to have certain equipment and the pilot to have an instrument rating.

Instrument Flying Rules

Instrument Flight Rules

Meteorological conditions that are less than VFR. IE: ceilings less than 1,000 feet and visibility less than 3 statute miles.

A method of flying by needle and ripcord.

Refers to the general weather conditions pilots can expect at the surface and applies to the weather situations at an airport during which a pilot must use instruments to assist take off and landing. IFR conditions for fixed wing aircraft means the minimum cloud ceiling is greater than 500 feet and less than 1,000 feet and/or visibility is greater than 1 mile and less than 3 miles. When weather conditions are below the minimum prescribed for VFR, only instrument-rated pilots may fly in accordance with IFR.