The geological process by which rocks are distorted, shifted and broken. The study of deformation is called structural geology. Common deformation structures include folds and faults.

the ways in which the rocks that make up the outer layer of the earth's crust respond to geologic forces. Tension, compression, and gravity are some of the forces acting on the crust. Folds and faults are the most common examples of deformation.

Deformation - A general term for folding and faulting of rocks as a result of various Earth forces.

the effects of folding, faulting, shearing, compression and/or extension that may be plastic or brittle.

process where rocks are folded, faulted, sheared or compressed by Earth stresses.

The stretching or shearing of the wind field.

General term for folding, faulting, and other processes resulting from shear, compression, and extension of rocks.

An area of stretching energy aloft creating clouds or precipitation.