An independent DNA element, such as a plasmid, that can replicate extrachromosomally or that can be maintained by integration into the genome of the host.

A genetic element in bacteria that can replicate free in the cytoplasm or can be inserted into the main bacterial chromosome and replicate with the chromosome. Term used by Jacob and Wollman for genetic elements that can either exist independently in a cell or become integrated into the host chromosome.

A plasmid that may exist either free or integrated into a chromosome. (See plasmid.)

An extrachromosomal DNA fragment, such as a plasmid.

A class of genetic elements of bacteria that may exist either as autonomous entities, replicating in the host independent of the bacterial chromosome, or as segments of the bacterial chromosome, replicating with it.

a genetic element that can replicate either as part of the main bacterial chromosome or as a separate element

a plasmid incorporated in the bacterial chromosome

a plasmid that can integrate itself into a bacterial chromosome

A plasmid that is able to integrate into the host cell's chromosome.

a class of genetic elements; F factor is an example; compare with plasmid

A plasmid capable of integration into the host cell¡¯s chromosome.