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a sequence of three nucleotides in a genome or a DNA or messenger RNA molecule, which specifies the incorporation of one amino acid or is a stop signal, during the biosynthesis of proteins. Codons occur within the protein-coding segments of the DNA or RNA genome of living organisms. The amino acid sequence of proteins synthesized on ribosomes is thus determined by the sequence of the nucleotides in the genome.

This is a group of three adjacent nucleotides that encode an amino acid. The identity of the encoded amino acid can vary for a particular codon, depending on the genetic code that is in use by an organism.

a group of three DNA or RNA nucleotide bases. Together they specify the choice of an amino acid residue during peptide synthesis. If one or more of the bases changes, a different amino acid may be specified.