third Mogol emperor born in 1542, who ruled from 1556 to 1605. He was a son of Humâyûn. He conquered the whole middle valley of the Ganges River, then the Gwalior and Ajmer States, before he progressively stretched his empire all over north India, from the Sind western area (lower Indus valley) to east Bengal. He founded the Fatehpur Sikri city, near Agra, in the 7Os. Then he divided the empire into fifteen provinces and reorganized the administration of this huge whole. He reconciled the hindu and muslim religions and tried to establish a syncretic (unified) religion (the religion of Light). He was a remarkable patron of arts for artists, for instance miniaturists and writters. When he died, his son Salim succeeded to him, as Jahângîr.