The use of a historic building for a purpose other than that for which it was constructed. Adaptive reuse sometimes involves physical changes to the historic building, especially on the interior.

Renovation of a building or site to include elements that allow a particular use or uses to occupy a space that originally was intended for a different use.

Conversion of outmoded buildings can provide the opportunity for new residential uses within a community. Buildings being converted are often large and vacant and were used for institutional or other nonresidential activities. Adaptive reuse projects have involved old school buildings, train stations, hospitals, and other public buildings; inns and hotels; and warehouses factories and other industrial buildings. These buildings have been converted into apartments, condominiums, co-housing projects and live-work spaces.