The following is a list of the butterflies of India. Approximately 1439 species of butterfly have been described from India. The families and the approximate numbers of species in them are as follows.

The family Hesperiidae is divided into seven subfamilies of which three are found in India. Hesperids are difficult to identify to species level in the field and accurate identification requires dissection and examination of the genitalia.

This article is a list of the Swallowtail butterflies found in India. It also acts as an index to the species articles and forms part of the full List of butterflies of India.