the capital of the Pandya kings was Madurai (Tamil Nadu). This dynasty is mentionned as early as the Ashoka period (the same for the Chola). The Pandya were not very important till the 10 th century and they were even subdued by the Chola, then. But, they took their revenge during the 13 th and 14 th centuries and dominate the Chola counrty. The Pandya had a lot of armed conflicts with their neighbours Pallava, Chalukya, Hoysala, kings of Ceylon and mainly Chola. The third Pandya dynasty disappeared in 1311 as a consequence of the Malik Kafur attack, on behalf of the Delhi Sultanate.

The southernmost of the ancient Dravidian kingdoms, occupying the country to the north of Kanyakumari (Cape Comorin). The capital was the lovely city of Madurai.