the procedure in which union members vote to accept or reject a negotiated contract settlement.
Confirmation of an act or of the validity of an act.
The process by which a State becomes party to a treaty it has signed. Ratification is effected by the deposit of an instrument of ratification with the Secretary-General of the United Nations in New York.
is a solemn undertaking by a State formally accepting the terms of a Convention, thereby becoming legally bound to apply it. The country must, if necessary, adopt new laws and regulations or modify the existing legislation and practice to support the Convention. It must apply the Convention not only in law but also in practice, and provide reports on its application to the International Labour Office. More information about ratification
The confirmation or adoption of a previous act done either by the party himself or by another.
Ratification is an act by which the State expresses its definitive consent to be bound by the treaty. Then, the State Party must respect the provisions of the treaty and implement it.
making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it; "the ratification of the treaty"; "confirmation of the appointment"
After signing the Convention, a country's parliament or other designated body submits its instrument of ratification to the depositary (the UN Secretary-General) to start the 90-day countdown to becoming a Party.
The process through which a state agrees to be bound by a treaty.
The formal incorporation of an EU legal measures into national legislation or the acknowledgment of an ILO convention by a member government.
The election in which the membership formally approves a contract by paper ballot.
The validation by a principal of an unauthorized act done by her or his purported agent.
Ratification defines the international act whereby a state indicates its consent to be bound to a treaty if the parties intended to show their consent by such an act.
After signing the Convention or the Protocol, a country must ratify it, thereby agreeing to be subject to a legally binding emissions reduction target, often with the approval of its parliament or other legislature. The instrument of ratification must be deposited with the depository (in this case the UN Secretary-General).
1. The confirmation of one's own previous act or act of another. A principal may ratify the previous unauthorized act of his agent. E.g., Mister X's agent, without authority buys goods. Mister X, by keeping the goods and receiving the benefits of his agent's act, ratifies the agency; 2. Occurs when union members vote to accept the terms of a negotiated labor agreement.
Parliamentary approval of a convention.
The states' approval of the Constitution or an amendment to the Constitution.
Process by which a government confirms a state’s action in becoming legally bound by a treaty; formal procedure by which a state becomes bound to a treaty after acceptance.
the act of a customer who, knowing the true facts, retroactively accepts and endorses a previously unauthorized action or course of conduct by a broker as if that action or conduct was the customer's own.
The approval of an act of the agent by the principal when the agent exceeded his or her authority. By taking the benefits of the act, the principal also accepts its obligations.
Adoption or approval of an act performed on behalf of a person without previous authorization.
an official confirmation and acceptance of a previous act, often referred to in international treaties as the means by which the text negotiated by diplomatics is subsequently approved by the various states and becomes legally binding, making the act valid from the moment it was done.
after signing the Convention, a country must ratify it, for which it often needs the approval of the parliament or other legislature. For the CBD the instrument of ratification is submitted to the UN Secretary-General in New York, who acts as the Depositary. At the date of submission the country becomes a Party to the Convention; 90 days later the Convention enters into force for that country. Presently the Convention has 188 parties (newest is Thailand on 29.01.2004). [JVG
The situation wherein a principal, failing to repudiate an agent's unauthorized conduct, is bound by the conduct.
Ratification, acceptance, accession, succession and approval all refer to the act whereby a country establishes at the international level its definitive consent to be bound by a treaty. (This should not be confused with the decision taken at the national level in accordance with a country's constitutional provisions, which is inadequate to establish the country's consent to be bound at the international level.) Ratification requires two steps: 1. The execution of an instrument of ratification by the head of state, head of government or minister for foreign affairs expressing the intent of the country to be bound by the relevant treaty; and 2. The deposit of the instrument with the depositary for multilateral treaties or the exchange of the instruments between parties for bilateral treaties.
this is where a country officially decides that it wants to become a State Party to a convention, and when it does this we say that the country “ratifies†the convention. This is a very serious decision, and each country has its own rules about who can make that decision and what decision-making process should be used. Previous Page
approving an amendment to the United States Constitution.
The formal approval of a proposed contract by union members--often by voting by secret ballot.
when a state makes a final formal expression of its consent to be bound by a treaty. This usually occurs after signature.
Two uses of this term are: (1) the act of approval of a proposed constitutional amendment by the legislatures of the States; (2) the Senate process of advice and consent to treaties negotiated by the President.
Method of creating an agency relationship in which the principal accepts the conduct of someone who acted without prior authorization as the principal's agent.
Ratification is the confirmation or approval of an agent's actions by the principal.
The final approval of an international agreement by the highest authority of a given country, e.g. the Head of State, Cabinet, or Parliament. In Canada, only the federal government has the constitutional power to ratify international agreements.
giving authority to an act already done. A resolution of a company in general meeting can ratify an act previously done by the directors and a principal can choose to ratify an act of an agent that was beyond the power of the agent.
See Instruments of acceptance, accession, approval or ratification
1. the approval of a constitution or an amendment by a state through a legislature, convention, or other method. 2. the executive act of approving a treaty. In the US, the President may ratify treaties, but only wit the advice and consent of two-thirds of the Senate.
After signing the Convention, a country must ratify, often with the approval of the parliament or other designated body. The instrument of ratification is submitted to the UN Secretary-General, who acts as the Depositary, to start the 90-day countdown to becoming a Party. As of mid-March 1998, the Convention on Biological Diversity had 172 Parties.
Confirmation, as where a principal adopts as binding on him the act of another which was done on his behalf though without the principal's previous authority.
the act of the cooperative's members in adopting and being bound by acts of a director that the cooperative could have disavowed, such as when a director makes an unauthorized contract.
process by which people or legislatures express their official approval of a proposed document or plan. Amendments to the US Constitution cannot become part of the Constitution until they have been ratified either by two-thirds of the state legislatures or by conventions in two-thirds of the states.
a formal confirmation of a treaty after it has been signed.
Formal approval of a newly negotiated agreement by a vote of the union members affected.
After signing the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Procotol, a country must ratify it, often with the approval of its parliament or other legislature. In the case of the Kyoto Protocol, a Party must deposit its instrument of ratification with the UN Secretary General in New York.
formal approval of a treaty or a convention by a body or function competent to make a binding commitment on behalf of the State; in France, the presidency of the Republic. For the text to enter into force, a minimum number of ratifications may be required. e.g.: 35 for the Covenants of 1966 on civil and political rights on the one hand, and economic, social and cultural rights, on the other.
approval of a proposed constitution or constitutional amendment by the legislatures of the states. The term "ratification" can also refer to action by the U.S. Senate with respect to a treaty.
An after the fact approval by a principal of an agent's actions.
Process by which union members vote to accept the terms of a negotiated labor agreement.
The process by which members of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 submitted their proposed national constitution to specially elected state conventions for approval. This process bypassed existing state legislatures, many of which seemed reluctant to grant power to a new national government above them, yet avoided a direct popular referendum, which some members of the Constitutional Convention feared. This mechanism allowed those in favor of the new national constitution first to influence the voters, then to influence delegates to the special conventions. (2) The process by which amendments to the United States Constitution are accepted or rejected. Ratification of any amendment to the national constitution requires a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress and approval by three-fourths of the existing state legislatures. (3) The process by which individual states constitutions were approved or are amended. This process almost always involves direct public referenda.
Approval of a prior act or contract, which gives it the confirmation to make it binding.
Affirming a prior act which was not legally binding; the affirmation gives the act legal effect. Occurs when an unauthorized agent acts, and the principal later affirms the action, giving authority retroactively.
The affirmation of a prior act that was not legally binding and making it a legal effect.
A process in which a person may initially purport to act for someone as one's agent knowing that authority to do so has been granted.
Ratification includes the process of adopting an international treaty by the legislature, a constitution, or another nationally binding document (such as an amendment to a constitution) by the agreement of multiple sub-national entities. The process of ratifying a constitution is most commonly observed in federations such as the United States or confederations such as the European Union. A good example would be George Read ratifying the Constitution.