Kicking back; recalcitrating; hence, showing repugnance or opposition; refractory.
Resistant to microbial attack.
Etymologically, to be recalcitrant means to "kick back." Recalcitrance, then, is more than stubborn disobedience; it's a revolutionary (or at least rebellious) act of revenge. See: KICK BACK.
marked by stubborn resistance to and defiant of authority or guidance; "a recalcitrant teenager"; "everything revolves around a refractory individual genius"
marked by stubborn resistance to authority; "the University suspended the most recalcitrant demonstrators"
Any organic compound that is inherently resistant to any degree of biodegradation.
Stubbornly resistant to treatment. Example: Recalcitrant psoriasis.
A term applied to pollutants which are not biodegradable or are only biodegradable with difficulty.
a compound that resists biodegradation.