a word borrowed from another language; e.g. blitz is a German word borrowed into modern English.

A word imported from one language into another, and which may become 'naturalised' there - i.e. pronounced as though it was a 'native' word: bureau (French), thug (Hindi).

A loanword (or loan word) is a word directly taken into one language from another with little or no translation. By contrast, a calque or loan translation is a related concept whereby it is the meaning or idiom that is borrowed rather than the lexical item itself. The word loanword is itself a calque of the German Lehnwort.