Port in NW Russia on the Barents Sea. Founded in 1915; served as a base for Allied operations in northern Russia (1918-19).

a port city in northwestern Russia on the Kola Peninsula; the largest city north of the Arctic Circle; an important supply line to Russia in World War I and World War II

Murmansk (, , , ) is a city in the extreme northwest of Russia with a seaport on the Kola Bay, 12 km from the Barents Sea on the northern shore of the Kola Peninsula, not far from Russia's borders with Norway and Finland. Population: 320,900 (2005 est.); 336,137 (2002 Census). The city is an important navy base.

a very active conservation organization with many young and committed supporters which works closely with the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature