of, pertaining to, or causing a type of mutation consisting of the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in the nucleic acid structure of a gene, when the number of base pairs inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three. If the addition or deletion occurs in multiples of three, the unaffected nucleotides in the genome remain in the proper order ("frame") to be correctly translated into protein; in such cases of insertions or deletions not causing a frame shift, a functional though altered protein may be produced by the organism. Frameshift mutations cause more profound changes in the composition of the protein resulting from translation of the mutated gene.
Frameshifts are mutations caused by deletions or insertions that are not a multiple of 3 base pairs. They change the frame in which triplets are translated into protein. Defined as key term in Genetics 1.4.2 The anatomy of mutation and impacts on coding sequences Genetics 2.6.7 Mutagenesis can be used to increase the frequency of a desired mutation to a detectable level Molecular Biology—Essentials 1.2.9 The genetic code is triplet Molecular Biology 1.1.21 The genetic code is triplet
Mutation-one or more paired nucleotides are inserted or deleted in coding region of a gene, which causes the triplet codons to be read in the wrong frame of the entire sequence downstream of the mutation, the resulting polypeptide has a garbled amino acid sequence from the mutated codon on. May be induced by mutagens or spontaneously.
A deletion, substitution, or duplication of one or more bases that causes the reading-frame of a structural gene to shift from the normal series of triplets.
a mutation that results when bases are inserted or deleted in a chain of DNA. This causes all of the bases to shift over to make room for the inserted bases, or shift to fill in where bases were taken out of the chain. This mutation causes drastic changes in the following base sequences.
a process where nucleotides in DNA are inserted or deleted. As a result there is a change in the sequence in which triplets of nucleotides are read as codons.
A mutation which adds or deletes one or two base pairs (or any non-multiple of 3) from a coding sequence in a molecule of DNA, so that the genetic code is read out-of-phase. All codons translated downstream of a frameshift mutation will be misread, and frequently an out-of-frame stop codon will prematurely terminate translation.
A type of gene mutation that affects the entire messenger RNA message, copied from the DNA sequence, from that point onwards. This is because it involves the addition or removal of a number of DNA base-pairs that is not a multiple of three, the number of base-pairs that code for a single amino acid.
An alteration in the reading sense of DNA resulting from an inserted or deleted base, such that the reading frame for all subsequent codons is shifted with respect to the number of changes made (e.g., if a sequence should read UCU-CAA-AGG-UUA, and a single U is added to the beginning, the new sequence would read UUC-UCA-AAG-GUU, etc.). Frame shifts may arise through random mutations, or via errors in reading sequencing output.
Small nucleotide insertion or deletion variation - typically 1 or 2 bases - shifts reading frame (Guanine) Nitrogenous base. Pairs with cytosine in DNA molecules.
Deletions or insertions that alter the three-base-pair frame in DNA that are translated into protein.
A mutation caused by the addition or subtraction of one or more nucleotides. The reading frame (3 nucleotides) will be altered.
Genetic mutation which shifts the reading frame used to translate mRNA (see reading frame).
A change in the reading frame of the gene (this occurs if the number of base pairs in the deletion or insertion is not a multiple of three). In most cases, the altered reading frame results in a truncated or elongated protein.
