Also called the "Sound Box", this is the device that, well, "reproduces" the sound waves from the physical grooves in the recording media. A steel needle or gem stylus vibrates in the groove and this vibration is transferred to a diaphram (paper, mica, glass, etc.) that creates sound waves. On a disk machine, these waves then travel down the tone arm to the horn where the sound eminates. On a cylinder machine, the horn is usually mounted directly on the reproducer.