a long tube on a flat base that is attached to either the lighting fixture itself or to the spot grid
A tubular or conical attachment placed over a studio light which concentrates light into a narrow beam in order to place a highlight on a small area of the subject.
A cone-shaped item you can place over the front of your light. It intensifies the light and gives you the ability to direct your light source in very specific places. Again, not used in portraiture very much, but you can produce amazing results with these in still life photography.
A shield fitted to a lamp used to direct a concentrated beam of light onto a scene. A diffusion filter is effective at creating a SOFT FOCUS effect in portraits.
A conical metal tube fitted to the front of a luminaire to enable a reduction in beam size and mask the lens.