a molecule on the surface of a cell that can bind antigens, antibodies, or other cellular components responsible for many of the immune system functions.
1) In biochemistry: a specialized molecule in a cell that binds a specific chemical with high specificity and high affinity. 2) In exposure assessment: an organism that receives, may receive, or has received environmental exposure to a chemical.
A chemical group or molecule (as a protein) on the cell surface or in the cell interior that has an affinity for a specific chemical group, molecule, or virus.
structures on the surface of cells that serve as docking sites for other cells or signaling molecules to relay information or trigger a reaction.
A molecule within a cell or on a cell surface to which a substance (such as a hormone or a drug) selectively binds, causing a change in the activity of the cell.
Receptors are molecules that accept a hormone . Once a hormone reaches it‘s target receptor, the information carried by the hormone can be put into use.
A structure on the surface of a cell that can lock onto certain molecules, used to carry a signal through the cell wall.
A cell or group of cells able to detect changes in the environment.
a molecule on the surface of a cell that binds to certain chemicals or proteins.
An area on a cell surface which is designed to respond to a particular neuro-transmitter, or chemical messenger, by making chemical changes within the cell.
A protein that binds an extracellular ligand. Binding of ligand to a cell-surface receptor alters the structure and activity, resulting in the initiation of a series of signal transduction events that modulate intracellular biochemical pathways. Binding o
Protein molecules on the surface of cell membranes used for communication between cells.
Consider a hormone to be a key, then a receptor is the lock. One is useless without the other. A hormone cannot act on a cell (or a tissue) unless the cell displays a receptor, which is linked to the internal machinery of the cell.
A specific molecule on the surface of or within the cell that recognizes and binds with other specific molecules.
A cell or group of cells that responds to various stimuli, or a molecule on the surface of a cell or in the cell that responds to a certain chemical, molecule, or virus, and then makes the cell do something in reaction such as produce something, stop making something, let the stimulating material enter the cell, etc.
Site on a cell surface that recognises a particular molecule
Two meanings: (a) membrane-based molecules with specific binding sites for neurotransmitter or hormone; (b) specialized sensory nerve terminal that transduces a specific form of energy into impulses, e.g. stretch, temperature, light, sound, chemical content.
A protein located in a cell's surface membrane that binds with molecules outside the cell and, as a result of binding, changes its activity inside the cell.
protein, usually found on the surface of a neuron or other cell, that recognizes and binds to neurotransmitters or other chemical messengers.
Protein that binds a specific extracellular signaling molecule (ligand) and initiates a response in the cell. Cell-surface receptors, such as the acetylcholine receptor and the insulin receptor, are located in the plasma membrane, with their ligand-binding site exposed to the external medium. Intracellular receptors, such as steroid hormone receptors, bind ligands that diffuse into the cell across the plasma membrane.
cellular protein that binds hormones or neurotransmitters and initiates a physiologic response. Some types of receptors are located in the plasma membrane, while others are found within the cytoplasm or nucleus.
A special site on the cell surface or within the cell where specific chemicals, especially hormones, bind and initiate a variety of actions within the target cell.
A tissue or cell which is sensitive to a specific stimulus
Proteins embedded in the membrane covering a neural cell that interact with one or more neurotransmitters.
Protein that spans the cell membrane, and carry a site capable of specifically recognize a molecule.
A trans-membrane protein located in the plasma membrane that can bind with a ligand on the extracellular surface, as a result of which it induces a change in activity on the cytoplasmic surface. More generally, a site in a molecule that allows the binding of a ligand.
A receptor is a protein that interacts with other small molecules (ligands), and in turn, effects a change within a cell. Receptors can be located anywhere from the cell surface to the nucleus. Receptors are often the starting point for signal transduction cascades, which are critical for cellular functions like growth and division, and can be directly involved in gene expression. Inappropriate activation or deactivation of receptors is linked to numerous diseases such as cancer. See also Signal Transduction.
A molecule on the surface of a cell that can bond only to specific molecules in the surrounding environment; usually used to send a signal or some material through the cell membrane.
protein located on or in a cell, which recognises and binds to a specific type of molecule.
receptor site. A molecule or surface in a cell that recognizes and binds to a specific messenger molecule, leading to a biological response.
A molecule which produces a response when another molecule ("ligand") is bound to it. Receptors can be e.g. ion channels, tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors or steroid-binding transport molecules. In a pharmacological sense, even enzymes can act as receptors (to drug molecules).
group of molecules on the surface or within a cell that deliver a signal to the cell upon stimulation.
A molecule on the cell surface that serves as a recognition or binding site for a specific antigen, antibody, enzyme or other molecule.
a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
a biochemical switch, wired to specific sets of genes in the cell's nucleus through various biochemical circuits
a complex molecule embedded in the cell membrane of a neuron that detects the presence of a specific neurotransmitter and responds by causing some change in the neuron itself, such as admitting a flow of sodium, potassium, or calcium ions into the cell
a compound or portion of a structure that specifically binds to a ligand
a group of scattered cells or an organ which receives a stimulus e
a large molecules, perhaps made up of thousands of atoms
a large structure with several 'docking sites' for neurochemicals and a channel through which ions can enter the cell
a ligand-gated chloride channel
a ligand operated chloride channel
a molecule or a polymeric structure in or on a cell that specifically recognizes and binds a compound acting as a molecular messenger (neurotransmitter, hormone, lymphokine, lectin, drug, etc
an area on a cell that binds to specific molecules
an arrangement of atoms in/on a molecule to which a specific ligand tightly and specifically binds
an arrangement of molecules organized to accept or "bind to" only molecules with a complimentary shape- in this case DHT )
an important target for some older arthropodicides such as lindane cyclodiens but is also affected by fipronil, a new insecticide and acaricide which belongs to the chemical class of arylpyrazoles
an important therapeutic target for many psychoactive drugs
an integral membrane protein
an ion-channel that, when coincident firing is detected, allows calcium to flow into the cell
a part of the surface of a cell that accepts chemical messengers
a patch on the surface of a cell that binds with specific molecules, like a lock accepting a key
a protein molecule located partially outside the cell and partially inside
a protein or a protein complex in or on a cell that specifically recognizes and binds to a compound acting as a molecular messenger (neurotransmitter, hormone, lymphokine, lectin, drug, etc)
a protein that binds to a specific target molecule
a protein that is embedded in the cell membrane
a protein that transports a chemical signal into a cell
a site on a cell where chemicals bind to activate or inhibit cellular functions
a specialized protein on the surface or interior of a cell that interacts only with very specific molecules in the surrounding environment
a specific site in tissues, frequently on the cell membrane, which has a specific structural affinity (shape) for a naturally occurring molecule
a structure integral to a micro-organism or released into the surrounding milieu that has binding specificity for a particular three-dimensional structural configuration of a molecule or portion thereof
a structure on the surface of a cell that interacts with certain chemicals
a structure on the surface of the cell's outer membrane that will lock onto certain molecules, allowing them to transmit a signal through the cell wall, triggering a reaction inside the cell
a transmembrane protein, located in the plasma membrane, that binds a ligand in a domain on the extracellular side, and as a result has a change in activity of the cytoplasmic domain
A molecule on or within a cell membrane or inside the cell, to which a substance such as an agonist or a ligand selectively binds to trigger a biological response.
Proteins that bind to their specific ligands with high specificity. Receptors act as the "antenna" of a cell, and transduce signals from the environment outside the cell to the inside of the cell. When a receptor binds its ligand, it is said to be activated and often changes shape, which enables it to interact with different intracellular signaling molecules.
A molecule that recognizes a unique hormone. Once that hormone is bound to the receptor, the information carried by the hormone can now exert its biological action.
A specific molecule of a cell that recognizes and binds with other specific molecules, such as hormones.
A cell component that combines with a drug, hormone, or chemical to alter the function of that cell
A structure on the surface of a cell that specifically recognizes and binds to a particular substance. The binding of a substance to its receptor often signals a change in the activity of the cell. Many medications are effective because they are recognized by specific receptors in the body.
A specialised molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognises and binds other specific molecules or proteins, triggering a response in the cell.
A "lock" inside the cell; in the case of a cancer cell, the hormone is the key, and when it binds to the receptor, it triggers the growth process.
A specialized sensory cell that responds to a unique type of stimulus such as light, sound, or odorant molecules, and transmits this information to the central nervous system. The term is sometimes used for specialized molecules on the surface of cells that respond to external signals.
An organ specialized to respond to a physical stimulus, such as depression of the skin (touch), light (vision), sound (hearing), or airborne or liquid-borne molecules (smell or taste). The receptor is contacted by a sensory neuron which relays information about the physical stimulus to the CNS.
a specialized portion on the surface of a cell to which substances (usually proteins) carrying information can bind; thus, synaptic receptors function to 'turn on' or 'turn off' neurons.
protein structures that protrude from the surface of cells and are capable of binding with other molecules such as hormones, antibodies, or antigens
specific proteins on or inside a cell that can trigger the cell to do different things (divide, die, etc.).
A molecule in the cell membrane that binds a chemical substance, such as a neurotransmitter.
A protein located on a cell membrane or within the cell with which a hormone, neurotransmitter or drug interacts to produce or prevent a biological response.
A protein that is frequently found on the surface of a cell and that binds to a specific molecule. The binding stimulates a reaction in the cell.
A structure in each cell that selectively receives and binds a specific substance, such as a neurotransmitter, which initiates biochemical changes within the cell.
A nerve cell that responds to a stimulus and produces a nerve impulse; also refers to the area on the surface of a cell that a chemical must bind to in order to have its effect.
Protein on the cell surface or within the cell which binds specific ligands (other molecules). The binding between receptor and ligand can trigger or modulate intracellular signaling.
A specialized part of a nerve cell that recognizes neurotransmitters and communicates with other nerve cells.
A special arrangement on a cell that recognizes a molecule and interacts with it. This allows the molecule to either enter the cell or stimulate it in a certain way.
A structure on or inside a cell which receives a chemical signal.
A cellular protein that binds hormones or neurotransmitters to initiate a physiologic response. Some receptors are located in the plasma membrane, and others are found within the cytoplasm or nucleus.
a molecule on the surface of a cell that serves as a recognition or binding site for antigens, antibodies or other cellular or immunologic components.
a protein that lets a cell recognize a chemical messenger, such as a hormone. Receptors and hormones work like a lock (receptor) and key (hormone).
Protein on or protruding from the cell surface to which select chemicals can bind. The opiate receptor in brain cells allows both the natural chemical as well as foreign (opiate) chemicals to bind.
a protein on a cell's surface that allows the cell to identify antigens.
a specific protein-binding site on a cell's surface or interior. When chemical messengers bind to receptors, various cellular functions are activated or inhibited. Many drugs exert their effects by binding to receptors and altering normal cellular communication. Viruses enter cells by fusing with receptors on the cell surface, often in conjunction with MHC molecules and/or co-receptors.
A protein or group of associated proteins in a cell or on its surface that selectively binds a specific substance (called a ligand). Upon binding its ligand, the receptor triggers a specific response in the cell.
a cellular structure that is able to bind to steroids.
Generally, a surface-exposed membrane protein on a cell which binds to a specific ligand molecule with high affinity, in order to transmit an extracellular signal and trigger intracellular biochemical events within the target cell.
Protein usually found on the surface of a cell to which a specific substance (such as a hormone) binds causing the cell's behaviour to change.
A molecule that can accept the binding of a ligand.
High affinity binding site for a particular toxicant. BT target, target organ.
a communication point on a cell wall; a ligand (chemical messenger) fits into the receptor like a puzzle piece in order to communicate with that cell; for example, the H2 receptor, the target of H2 blockers
A site on the surface of a cell which in a lock and key fashion fits into a complementary site on another cell or protein, as in the binding of an antibody to an antigen.
A structure on the surface of a cell that selectively binds with substances such as neurotransmitters and hormones
a protein that upon binding a specific molecule (can be a small molecule or a macromolecule) initiates a biological response.
recognition sites on cells that cause a response in the body when stimulated by certain chemicals called neurotransmitters. They act as on-and-off switches for the next nerve cell. See neuron, neurotransmitters.
a protein on the surface of a neuron (or any other cell) which recognizes a molecule (such as dopamine) and, when then causes the neuron to do something, such as generate an action potential or produce some particular chemical.
A molecular structure or site on the surface or interior of a cell that binds with substances such as hormones, antigens, drugs, or neurotransmitters; the intermediary between a chemical agent (as a neurohormone) acting on nervous tissue and the physiological or pharmacological response.
A complex of one or more proteins on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific chemical (e.g., a neurotransmitter).
Proteins that are involved in the transmission of signals to a cell. They can bind specific substances, like hormones, followed by a specific reaction. Example: steroid-hormone receptors
A part of a cell that acts as a go-between linking a chemical agent and nervous tissue. Receptors act like keyholes for neurotransmitters.
structure on the outside of cells to which substances circulating in the blood can attach
A nerve cell that receives specific sensory information in the nervous system.
a protein usually found on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific chemical messenger, such as a neurotransmitter. [Source: NHBLI/NCBI Glossary
A cellular docking site that interacts with a specific protein or enzyme (called a ligand). The interaction typically leads to the synthesis of other substances such as proteins, hormones or enzymes.
A protein structure within a cell or on the surface of a cell characterized by selective binding of a specific substance and a specific physiologic effect that accompanies the binding.
A protein bound within or on cell membranes (such as a neurotransmitter or drug). Receptors are part of the mechanism by which cells communicate.
A specialized molecule of a cell's membrane that receives information from the environment and conveys it to other parts of the cell. The information is transmitted in the form of a specific chemical that must fit the receptor like a key in a lock.
a structure on the surface or interior of a cell that selectively receives and binds to a specific substance.
See ligand receptor interaction.
A molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific physiologic effect in the cell.
A structure that can capture a molecule owing to complementary surface shapes, charge distributions, without forming a covalent bond
a protein that binds ligands which are hormones or neurotransmitters. Binding of the hormone results in activation of an enzymatic pathway, but the hormone itself is not chemically modified (unlike a substrate).
A chemical group or molecule (as a protein) on the cell surface or in the cell interior that receives stimuli from a specific chemical group, molecule, or virus.
A large molecule that recognizes specific chemicals (normally neurotransmitters, hormones, and similar endogenous substances) and transmits the message carried by the chemical into the cell on which the receptor resides.
a protein in a cell membrane that recognizes and binds to chemical messengers, such as neurotransmitters.
A specific molecule on the surface of a cell which is used by a virus for attachment.
receptor] a protein on the surface of the plasma membrane that reacts to an external chemical agent, passing the "signal" to the internal side of the membrane.
A protein on or protruding from the cell surface to which select chemicals can bind. Binding of a specific molecule (ligand) may result in a cellular signal, or the internalization of the receptor and the ligand.
a molecule on the surface of or on the inside of a cell that can bind a specific chemical and cause a specific change in the cell's function.
A protein, usually on the cellular surface, that interacts with binding substances, including drugs, to produce a biological response.
A molecule that sits on the cell surface/plasma membrane and binds to a ligand. Receptor-ligand binding assays are popular in high throughput screening.
Special places on nerve cells that respond to specific chemical messages between cells.
A specific protein on the surface of a cell used by external signaling molecules such as hormones to elicit a cellular response. Also used by viruses as an attachment point for infecting cells.
A part of the cell that recognizes and binds specific molecules of appropriate size, shape, and charge.
A site on a nerve cell that receives a specific neurotransmitter; the message receiver.
A molecule that binds to an elicitor and initiates the plant defense response system. Receptors are often encoded by the resistance allele of the host plant in a gene-for-gene interaction.
A molecule in the postsynpatic neuron's membrane to which the neurotransmitters bind, which then directly or indirectly will alter the membrane potential by opening or closing ion channels.
a protein molecule, either inside or on the surface of a cell, that selectively receives and binds a specific substance. If a drug works on only one receptor, it's termed a selective receptor.
Commonly used to describe a target molecule when assaying the binding properties of a second molecule (ligand). In drug discovery it typically refers to a target that is going to be used to screen millions of small molecules to find one that binds to the receptor.
protein on the surface or inside a cell to which a drug or natural substance can bind and thereby affect cell function
a structure on the surface of a cell (or inside a cell) that selectively receives and binds a specific substance.
Any protein that binds a specific extracellular signaling molecule (ligand) and then initiates a cellular response. Receptors for steroid hormones, which diffuse across the plasma membrane, are located within the cell; receptors for water-soluble hormones, peptide growth factors, and neurotransmitters are located in the plasma membrane with their ligand-binding domain exposed to the external medium.
A cell or group of cells that receive stimuli.
In biochemistry, a receptor is a protein on the cell membrane or within the cytoplasm or cell nucleus that binds to a specific molecule (a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter, hormone, or other substance, and initiates the cellular response to the ligand. Ligand-induced changes in the behavior of receptor proteins result in physiological changes that constitute the biological actions of the ligands.
