An assembly of interlinked artificial ecosystems that can grow food, generate energy, clean the air, heat and cool buildings, etc. Today they are primarily used to treat wastewater. They were developed by ecological designer John Todd. Related pages: " Ecological design at Ocean Arks International"
a series of tanks teeming with live plants, trees, grasses and algae, koi and goldfish, tiny freshwater shrimp, snails, and a diversity of microorganisms and bacteria