In an experiment, a generalisation of the results occurs when one applies the findings found in a sample of participants to the population. For example, the findings from a study involving a small number of anxious students might be generalised to all anxious individuals. If the study found that the more anxious participants recalled more in a memory test than did less anxious participants, it may be tempting to conclude that anxiety causes improvements in memory. In this way, a generalisation can be seen to be the abstraction of a rule about behaviour from a single study.