In microscopic systems, particles such as electrons and protons behave like waves. Quantum mechanics replaces the more familiar Newtonian mechanics to describe such phenomena.
Theory which describes particles by a wavefunction
framework of laws governing the universe whose unfamiliar features such as uncertainty, quantum fluctuations, and wave-particle duality become most apparent on microscopic scales of atoms and subnuclear particles.
A system of mechanics based on quantum theory, which arose out of the failure of classical mechanics and electromagnetic theory to provide a consistent explanation of both electromagnetic wave and atomic structure. (Course Material/Radiography/Physics/comptonscattering.htm)(Course Material/Radiography/Physics/kleinnishina.htm)
Generally accepted explanation for observed behavior of atomic and subatomic particles.
The system of mechanics developed from quantum theory and used to explain the properties of atoms and molecules. In contrast to the conception of energy assumed in classical mechanics as a continuous quantity, quantum mechanics views the energy of electrons in the atom as discrete. Changes in an electron's energy levels are accompanied by absorption or emission of light. This approach established the duality between wave and/or particle descriptions of matter, a duality upon which the Schroedinger equation is based.
A theory based on using the concept of a discrete unit to describe the dynamic properties of subatomic particles and the interactions of matter and radiation. The statistical treatment of the underlying forces that constitute “existence”. Originally envisioned by Physicist Max Planck, who theorized in 1900 that energy can be transmitted from or to matter only in small, discrete units called “quanta”. Aiding the further development of Quantum Mechanics was the Uncertainty Principle, theorized by Physicist Werner Heisenberg in 1927. (See Uncertainty Principle below).
The branch of 20th century physics that describes atoms and radiation; the theory involves bundles of energy known as quanta.
A theory that another world exists side by side with this one, which is a duplicate of this world, yet slightly different.
The study of matter and radiation at an atomic level. Randomization: A method based on chance by which study participants are assigned to a treatment group.Randomization minimizes the differences among groups by equally distributing people with particular characteristics among all the trial arms. The researchers do not know which treatment is better. From what is known at the time, any one of the treatments chosen could be of benefit to the participant.
physics of atomic and subatomic systems and their interaction with radiation
A theory that explains the behavior of elementary particles, atoms, and energy in terms of probabilities.
quantum theory. A branch of physics that describes the behavior of objects of atomic and subatomic size.
the branch of quantum physics that accounts for matter at the atomic level; an extension of statistical mechanics based on quantum theory (especially the Pauli exclusion principle)
a particle in terms of the position of wave packet is irrelevant, what is interpreted to be expressed as
The theory that energy does not have a continuous range of values, but is, instead, absorbed or radiated discontinuously, in multiples of definite, indivisible units called quanta.
The theory developed from Planck’s quantum principle and Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
A mathematical form of quantum theory dealing with the motion and interaction of (especially subatomic) particles and incorporating the concept that these particles can also be regarded as waves.
the physics that describes small particles.
The well-tested theory of the behavior of matter on the microscopic scales of atoms and computer chips, where the constituents of matter behave simultaneously like waves and particles.
A modern physical theory which is vital to describing extremely small objects, like electrons around an atom. Though this theory also applies to larger objects, its effects become very similar to those of Newton's theory— which is typically much easier to use and understand. One of the most important ideas in Quantum Mechanics is the Uncertainty Principle.
mathematical formalism developed in the first part of the 20th century based on treating atoms and molecules as possessing specific energy states. Discrete transitions are only allowed between two states.
is a branch of physics devised to explore and describe the structure and behaviour of atomic and subatomic (extraordinarily small) particles. The use of mathematics is integral to Quantum Mechanics because, on these tiny scales, one can only calculate the probability that things will happen; complete, objective certainty is no longer possible.
Quantum mechanics is the theory describing the behavior of atoms, molecules, nuclei, and elementary particles which are the building blocks of all matter.
The framework of laws governing the behavior of particles on atomic and subatomic levels. It starts with the assumption that energy is not infinitely divisible, but comes in quanta.
The mathematical system for describing the atomic and subatomic realm. There is no dispute about how to do quantum mechanics--1.e., calculate the probabilities within this realm. All the controversy is about what the quantum mechanics equations imply about reality, which is known as the interpretation of quantum mechanics. The principal lines of interpretation are the Copenhagen Interpretation and/or Nonobjectivity and/or Bell's Theorem and/or Nonlocality and/or the Everett-Wheeler-Graham multi worlds model. [Illuminati Papers, 1980
Conservation of energy theory developed from Planck's quantun principle and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
The laws of physics that apply on very small scales. The essential feature is that energy, momentum, and angular momentum as well as charges come in discrete amounts called quanta.
A mathematical form of quantum theory dealing with the motion and interaction of atomic and subatomic particles.
The laws of Quantum Mechanics do not necessarily apply to croquet but make a fascinating study. A most excellent reference is The Dancing Wu Li Masters, by Gary Zukov, William Morrow and Co. 1979.
An extension of statistical mechanics based on quantum theory applies to the behavior of atoms and particles
The theory of physics that describes the behavior of matter on the smallest scales. Do black holes live forever
Describes a system of particles in terms of a wave function defined over the configuration of particles having distinct locations is implicit in the potential energy function that determines the wave function, the observable dynamics of the motion of such particles from point to point. In describing the energies, distributions and behaviours of electrons in nanometer-scale structures, quantum mechanical methods are necessary. Electron wave functions help determine the potential energy surface of a molecular system, which in turn is the basis for classical descriptions of molecular motion. Nanomechanical systems can almost always be described in terms of classical mechanics, with occasional quantum mechanical corrections applied within the framework of a classical model.
Study of properties of matter using its wave properties, at very small scales.
The mathematical description of the workings of the atomic and sub-atomic structures.
Mathematical method of treating particles on the basis of quantum theory, which assumes that energy (of small particles) is not infinitely divisible.
The realm of micro phenomena in which energy is not infinitely divisible and the micro phenomena possess both wave and particle characteristics.
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental branch of theoretical physics with wide applications in experimental physics that replaces classical mechanics and classical electromagnetism at the atomic and subatomic levels. Quantum mechanics is a more fundamental theory than Newtonian mechanics and classical electromagnetism, in the sense that it provides accurate and precise descriptions for many phenomena that these "classical" theories simply cannot explain on the atomic and subatomic level. Along with general relativity, quantum mechanics is one of the pillars of modern physics.