a mathematical quantity used to characterise the dispersion of results.
A statistical volatility measure that describes the range in which prices fluctuate. The greater the standard deviation, the greater the volatility of the price movement. It is believed that the actual stock price will vary within one standard deviation in both directions, plus or minus, about the securities' expected return with a 67% probability. This is a part of the TaraFolioTM engine's risk computations, which represents a deviation about the expected return on securities or portfolios.
The square root of the mean of the squares of the deviations of each member of a population (in simple terms, a group of prices) from their mean. In a normal distribution (or bell curve), one standard deviation encompasses 68% of all possible outcomes.
This indicates the volatility of a portfolio's total returns as measured against its mean performance. Standard deviation is an absolute measure.
Is defined as the positive square root of the sample or population variance. It is also commonly referred to as the variation about the mean.
A measure of the volatility of an underlying instrument. It is a statistical quantity that measures the magnitude of the daily price change of that asset.
A measure of the degree to which a fund's return varies from the average of all similar funds.
A measure of variation from average. This value is graphed as a + value from the average.
see also Volatility; Implied Volatility) In finance, a statistical measure of dispersion of a time series around its mean; the expected value of the difference between the time series and its mean; the square root of the variance of the time series.
A statistical measure of the historical volatility of a fund in relation to its expected return or its return relative to another fund or benchmark.
A measure of the spread of a set of data. For a Gaussian distribution, the standard deviation hints at the width of the tails of the distribution function.
The standard deviation is also called the root mean square deviation, because it can be found by computing the deviation of each piece of data from the mean, squaring each of these deviations, finding the mean of them and then taking the square root of the mean.
A measure of the "average" spread of a set of measurements; has the same units as the original measurements.
or σ - Measure of dispersion or spread about the expected value or average (19.4).
a measure of the amount by which an individual test score differs from the mean (average) score
Square root of the average of the squared deviations of scores from the mean; a measure of variability
A statistical measure of the historical volatility of a mutual fund or portfolio, usually computed using 36 monthly returns. More generally, a measure of the extent to which numbers are spread around their average. see also covariance, Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model, relative volatility.
Listed for three, five, 10 and 15 years, this is a statistical measure of the range of performance within which the total returns of a fund will fall.
a statistic representing the degree of dispersion of a set of scores around their mean. (54, 648)
A measure of variability within a set of measures. For normally distributed data values, approximately 68% of the distribution falls within ± 1 SD of the mean, 95% of the distribution falls within ± 2 SDs of the mean, and 99.7% of the distribution falls within ± 3 SDs of the mean.
Technically: "A measure of the dispersion of a frequency distribution that is the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviation of each of the class frequencies from the arithmetic mean of the frequency distribution." More comprehensibly, a standard deviation score indicates the degree to which a specific value in a series falls above or below the arithmetic mean of all the values in that series. A value of +/- 1 s.d. is in the top/bottom 16%; a value of +/- 2 s.d. is in the top/bottom 2%, a value of +/- 3 s.d. is in the top/bottom 0.14%. See text, Chapter 13. See also, "mean."
Describes the distribution of answers around the mean.
A measure of an investments volatility. It summarizes in one number how far a portfolio`s returns for individual years deviate from the average or expected return value. The higher the standard deviation, the more variable the returns and the riskier the investment.
The square root of the variance; a measure of the spread of a distribution which has the same units as the variable. The population parameter is usually denoted by , and the sample statistic is usually denoted by s.
A measure of how much variation there is in the values around the average number or rate.
A measure of the spread, the square root of the variance; a statistic used with interval-ratio variables.
(SD) A measure of the spread or dispersion of a set of values; for variables that follow a normal distribution, the probability that a value will be within one standard deviation of the mean is about 2/3.
A measure of how widely the values (amounts, numbers, scores) in a group of values are spread around the “mean” (midpoint). For example, all the scores may be very close to the midpoint, or many of them may be much higher or lower.
the amount of variability from case to case, as computed by summing the squares of the deviations of each case from the overall mean, dividing by the number of cases, and then taking the square root: "Even though the amount of rainfall at Atuona, French Polynesia is not much higher in austral summer than in austral spring, the year-to-year standard deviation is markedly higher in summer than spring."
A computed measure of variability indicating the spread of the data set around the mean.
A commonly used descriptive statistic, it provides a measure of dispersion for a set of values. See also mean, statistical analysis, variance.
Provides a precise measure of the amount of variation of the returns of the security, not its risk. The standard deviation is not a relative measure; it may not make much sense unless you compare a fund's standard deviation to that of similar funds.
As it pertains to this catalog, a statistical measure of how widely dispersed the individual test results were from the published average ultimate loads.
The positive square root of the expected value ofthe square of the difference between a random variable and its mean.
The standard deviation is a calculated number that describes the extent to which scores are dispersed (spread out) from the mean. Nearly all scores are typically within 3 standard deviations of the mean.
A statistical measure of variation within a sample. Just as the average measures the expected middle position of a group of numbers, the standard deviation is a way of expressing how different the numbers are from the average. The standard deviation is (roughly) the amount by which the average person's score differs from the average of all scores.
Measures the fund against itself -- how is it doing based on its own past performance. A low standard deviation means it's not "deviating" from its normal rate or return. Problem with this measure -- sometimes the deviation could be zero, reflecting consistently bad performance.
A measure of how a stock or bond fund's return fluctuates around its average return.
A measure of the spread or dispersion of a data population around a mean, as calculated by taking the variation of each number from the mean, squaring it, averaging the result (by dividing by n-1, or one less than sample size), and finding the square root.
A statistical measure of the variability of a set of observations.
a measure of the amount of variation among the values of a variable in a population.
A measure of the variability of a set of numbers, Standard Deviation is useful for understanding how much glucose values vary over time. Standard Deviation is related to the Bell Curve: Plus or Minus one Standard Deviations where most of the readings of a set of data occur, specifically the central 68.3. Plus or Minus two Standard Deviations is where almost all of the readings occur, specifically the central 95.5%. When the Bell Curve is wide there is a lot of variability: When the Bell Curve is narrow, there is little variability: It is important for people with diabetes to keep the variability of their glucose measure small. Best 4 Diabetes provides two, easy to read, Standard Deviation reports. Standard Deviation is also used in the Glucose Averages table on the Personalized Home Page. The three images above are for discussion purposes only and do not indicate actual data. Glucose readings do not strictly follow a Standard Deviation distribution because there can be a wider distribution of highs than lows. That is a topic for a future release.
a mathematical unit used to describe the "spread" or dispersion of a set of data. Each item in the data set has a deviation from the mean (the ordinary average) of the data. The standard deviation is computed by taking the squares of these individual deviations, averaging these squares, and then taking the square root. If the data set conforms to a known distribution, such as the normal ("bell curve") distribution, then one can compute the percentage of the data which will fall within a certain distance of the mean, as measured in standard deviations. For example, if the data set conforms to the normal distribution, 68.3% of the data will fall within one standard deviation of the mean and only about 4.5% will fall outside 2 standard deviations from the mean.
Standard Deviation returns a value that represents how widely dispersed the individual price is away from the mean average (using the same parameters).
The variance and its square root, the standard deviation, are the pre-eminent statistics used to summarise how much variability there is in a sample or population.
SD is a statistical measure of the historic volatility of an investment that investors commonly use to determine the volatility of the portfolio in achieving its average return.
A measure of the difference between individual entities, called variates, and an entire population, in which the square root of the sum of the squared differences be- tween each variate and the mean of all the variates in the population is divided by the number of variates in the population.
Standard Deviation is a statistical measure of the historic volatility of a mutual fund or portfolio, usually computed using 36 monthly returns. More generally, a measure of the extent to which numbers are spread around their average. The wider the dispersions, the larger the standard deviation. The higher the deviation, the greater the volatility. This is an independent measure of volatility; it is not relative to an index.
A statistical measure of how far away each value is on average from the mean. go to glossary index
A measure of the dispersion of values in a frequency distribution from the average.
The root of the sum of the squares of the differences between a series of numbers and their average; a statistical measure of how much the series varies.... more on: Standard deviation
Statistical measure of how much something (like poker winnings) varies over time. See variance. Commonly abbreviated sd.
Mathematical calculation often used to measure and compare the historical volatility of specific stocks, mutual funds, or other securities. A security whose returns have fluctuated greatly has a high standard deviation, whereas a security whose returns have remained in a narrow range has a low standard deviation.
A measure of variation from the mean that shows how closely the scores cluster around that mean.
The variance of values from the mean.
One standard deviation to the left or the right of the mean on a standard bell-shaped curve accounts for 34.13% of the variation. Two standard deviations, one to the left and one to the right, account for 68.26% of the variation. The Greek letter, Sigma, is used to represent a deviation. One determines deviations in actual situations by gathering data and determining what about of actual deviation accounts for 68.26% of the deviations, and so forth. Six Sigma people rely on tables to translate numbers into deviations or sigmas.
An absolute measure of portfolio volatility. Generally, the higher the standard deviation, the higher the volatility of the portfolio.
A statistical parameter: measures how much elements in a data set vary around the mean.
a common statistical measure of variation, and measures of variation are used by economists as indicators of the degree of risk in an investment
a consistent unit of measure above or below a zero point that is considered normal)
a measure of how much spreadb variationb there is in the data
a parameter which characterizes a set of measurements, just as the average can characterize
a snap shot of the rolling mean (or average) at a fixed time interval
a statistical measure of the distribution of values on a test or measurement for a population of subjects
a statistical measure of the spread of data
a statistical term representing the difference between input values in a range and the mean or average
The amount of variation from the mean (average) within a single data set. The greater the standard deviation, the greater the range (difference between the highest and lowest values) of values within the sample.
is used as a measure of the variability (or riskiness) of investment returns for a fund and is calculated to describe, on average, how widely individual data points are dispersed around the mean of all the data points
A measure of the variability of the population. This value is often symbolized by the Greek letter sigma, . It also represents the variability of a sample, in which case the symbol S is used. The sample standard deviation is most often a good estimate of the population standard deviation. If the population follows a normal distribution, then approximately 68% of the sample will be within one standard deviation of the mean and 95% will be within 2 standard deviations. The square of the standard deviation is called the variance.
Used extensively as a measure of dispersion about the average (mean) in applied statistics. It is a good measure of the historical variability of the return earned by an investment portfolio. The assumption is that greater variability in the rate of return connotes greater risk undertaken in achieving the return. For example, one would prefer a portfolio that earns 5% each period to one that alternates between a return of zero in one period and a 10% the next. Thus, a general rule for evaluating portfolio performance is that, for any given rate of return, the portfolio that provides the least standard deviation is best; and for any given standard deviation, the portfolio that provides the highest rate of return is best.
A statistic measuring the magnitude of daily price changes for a given security.
Measures how the elements in a set vary from the set's mean.
A statistical measurement of dispersion around an average or mean.
A term used in statistical analysis. A measure of variation that indicates the typical distance between the scores of a distribution and the mean; it is determined by taking the square root of the average of the squared deviations in a given distribution.It can be used to indicate the proportion of data within certain ranges of scale values when the distribution conforms closely to the normal curve.
A statistical measure of the range of fund returns, from its largest loss to its greatest gains. A high standard deviation marks a fund whose returns have varied widely over time. A fund with a small standard deviation is just the opposite and would lower volatility than a fund with a high standard deviation. Standard deviations are used to measure relative volatility between a fund and say, an index. (see Relative Volatility)
A measure of the volatility of a variable. If the variable tends to make large deviations from its average value, the standard deviation will be large; if it is more typical that movements are only small deviations from the variable's average value, the standard deviation will be small.
This is a measure of the variability (dispersion or spread) of any set of numerical values about their arithmetic mean. In plain language, Standard Deviation is the difference between the Expected Number of Occurrences and the number of occurrences actually found.
Commonly used to determine volatility; it is a measure of the dispersion of a group of numerical values from the mean. It is calculated by taking the differences between each number in the group and the arithmetic average, squaring them to give the variance, summing them, and taking the square root.
Measure of the distribution of measurements around their average.
A statistical measure of variability; the square root of the mean of squared deviations.
is a statistical concept used in many statistical processes. Standard deviation is based on the variance in a set of data. In simplest terms, one standard deviation is the square-root of the average of the difference between each data point and the average of those same points. s.d. = √(∑(Avg.- x1..n)/N-1) where N is the number of cases. There are several other formulas for calculating standard deviation. The use of "N-1" is used to estimate the standard deviation for a population when the data comes from a sample. When data is for a complete population the formula uses "N." As one may see, as samples become larger the effect of "N-1" converge with "N."
A measure of the spread of the process output or the spread of a sampling statistic from the process (represented by the Greek letter sigma).
A measure of the dispersion of a group of values from the average. It is the most commonly used measurement of absolute risk and is stated in annualised percentage terms. For example, a quoted standard deviation of 15% for a portfolio means that 68% of the time annual returns will be within 15 percentage points of the average return over the period under review (i.e. +/- 1 standard deviation). Standard deviation (as a measure of risk) can be linked to portfolio performance (as a measure of return) to give an information ratio as a measure of manager skill.
A unit of measure that describes the variability of a set of numbers. Numbers that are above or below one standard deviation from the average differ more from average than numbers that are within one standard deviation.
This statistical measure represents the degree of fluctuations in historical returns. The higher the standard deviation, the greater the volatility of returns. It is calculated using historical period returns to determine a range of returns around a mean. For example, a fund with an average annual return of 10% and a standard deviation of 5 would have provided a return between 5 and 15% about 68% of the time. Standard deviation, a historical measure, should not be used to predict fund performance.
A measure of the volatility of a stock. It is a statistical quantity measuring the magnitude of the daily price changes of that stock.
a measure of the dispersion of observations about the mean, sometimes limited to apply only to normal distributions, but more commonly used to refer to any distribution, in which case it is the same as root mean square
On average, how far the scores are from the mean.
Technically, it is a measure of the spread of your test scores. The larger the SD the more spread out the scores are around the mean.
Standard deviation is a statistical measurement of how far a variable quantity, such as the price of a share, moves above or below its average value. The wider the range, which means the greater the standard deviation, the riskier an investment is considered to be. Some analysts use standard deviation to predict how a particular investment or portfolio will perform. They calculate the range of the investment's possible future performances based on a history of past performance, and then estimate the probability of meeting each performance level within that range.
A measure of the volatility of a fund's performance over a period of time. A higher number indicates that the fund's performance has fluctuated (up or down). A lower number suggests that performance has not changed much over the measured time period.
A means of measuring variability, uncertainty or volatility of return. It measures how spread out values are from the average (mean).
Used to evaluate risk. Technically a measure of statistical dispersion of a distribution of values or prices.
A measure of the mathematical deviation from the mean or average containing two-thirds of a statistical sample. For example: If the average annual return of the S&P 500 were 15% and the standard deviation were +/- 15%; two-thirds of the time, the return of the S&P 500 would fall between 0% and 30%. Standard deviation attempts to measure exposure to volatility.
a measure of variance within a distribution of scores (i.e., how spread out a group of scores are), calculated as the average deviation of all the scores from the mean average score. A score at the mean average point on a distribution is higher than approximately 50 percent of all other scores. If the score is one standard deviation below the mean, it exceeds only approximately 16 percent of all other scores in the distribution.
A measure of how extreme the variation of values is in a distribution: the square root of the sum of the squares of the differences between each value and the mean, divided by the number of values in the distribution. Used to calculate the coefficient of variation. » How to calculate the standard deviation
A generally accepted measure of investment risk or uncertainty. It measures the distribution of returns around the average for the period measured. The wider the distribution of returns, the less likely the specific returns are to fall close to the average.
A descriptive statistic that expresses the amount of variability within a set of scores.
A statistical tool that provides measure of variation in any group of numbers that make up an average.
A measure of the spread or extent of variability of a set of scores around their mean. The standard deviation reflects the degree of homogeneity of the group with respect to the variable in question. That is, the less the dispersion of scores, the smaller will be the standard deviation.
The positve square root of the variance. This is the standard statistical measure of the spread of a sample.
The most widely used measure of dispersion of a frequency distribution, equal to the positive square root of the variance.
A standard measure of the variation that exists in a series of values or of a frequency distribution. Calculated as the positive square root of the variance.
A calculation used to measure the variability (risk) of a portfolio's performance.
A measurement of volatility (risk) in a fund's price. Specifically, it measures the degree to which returns have been spread out around their historical mean or average.
For purposes of investing, standard deviation is synonymous with risk or volatility. It is a quantitative measure of the volatility (risk) of a given stock, mutual fund, or portfolio, relative to the S&P 500 (market). For example, an S&P 500 index fund generally has a standard deviation of about 15%; a standard deviation of zero would mean an investment has a return rate that never varies, like a bank account paying compound interest at a guaranteed rate. Generally, the lower the standard deviation, the lower the risk.
the square root of the variance; a measure of the extent to which each measurement in the data set differs from the mean value and is used as a measure of variability in a population of values.
A measure of dispersion about the mean of a probability distribution, frequently employed as an indication of risk associated with an investment venture. The square root of the variance.
Statistical term describing the measure of spread about the mean for a data set, calculated by taking the square root of the average of the deviations squared (variance).
A measure of dispersion which is a function of the sum of the squared deviations of values from the mean. The standard deviation is calculated as the square root of the variance.
Standard deviation is a measure of variability (spread) or dispersion of a set of data. The more widely the values are spread out, the larger the standard deviation.
A statistical measurement of how widely a mutual fund's returns varied over a certain period of time. Investors use the standard deviation of historical performance to try to predict the range of returns that are most likely for a given fund. When a fund has a high standard deviation, the predicted range of performance is wide, implying greater volatility
See "Volatility" or "Standard deviation".
The standard deviation is a common measure of variation for samples and populations. It represents which scores differ from the mean. The larger the standard deviation, the wider the distribution and the further the scores are from the mean. Like the mean, the standard deviation is sensitive to outlying scores. The standard deviation is computed by taking the square root of the variance.
a measure of the dispersion of outcomes around the mean (or expected value), used to measure total risk. It is the square root of the variance.
A measure of the dispersion among a set of measurements. Calculated as the square root of the average squared difference between the mean and observed measurements.
a measure of the extent to which the share price has varied around its average level during a past period and used as a measure of capital risk. A high standard deviation shows relatively high risk. A low standard deviation shows relatively low risk.
A measure of dispersion within a set of data, calculated from the square root of the variance, to give a value in the same range as raw scores. The standard deviation is the spread of scores around the mean of the sample.
the root mean square of the differences between the calculated logits and their mean.
A statistical measurement of dispersion about an average, which depicts how widely returns varied over a certain period of time. Investors use the standard deviation of historical performance to try to predict the range of returns that is most likely. When an investment strategy or fund has a high standard deviation, the predicted range of performance is wide, implying greater volatility.
A measure of distribution of a set of data from their mean. Generally presented in percentage points of return above and below the mean return for a set of periods.
the statistical measure of the degree to which an individual value in a probability distribution tends to vary from the mean of the distribution. A measure of the volatility of investment returns for a particular investment over a specific time period.
One way to measure how a quantity fluctuates is the standard deviation, which is the square root of the variance. It has the units of the fluctuating quantity (for instance, the standard deviation of temperature is measured in Fahrenheit or Centrigrade). For a normal distribution (often not a bad guess), the quantity will lie within 1 standard deviation of the mean 70% of the time, within 2 standard deviations of the mean 95% of the time, and within 3 standard deviations of the mean more than 99% of the time.
Statistical measure of the degree to which an individual value in a probability distribution tends to vary from the mean of the distribution. In portfolio theory, the past performance of securities is used to determine the range of possible future performances and a probability is attached to each performance. The standard deviation of performance can then be calculated for each security and for the portfolio as a whole. The greater the degree of dispersion, the greater the risk.
The positive square root of the variance of a data set. A standard measure that tells about the distance of a data point from the mean of its data set.
a statistical measure of variance. Ninety-five percent of a range of values lie within 2 standard deviations of a mean value.
A measure of the amount of fluctuation in a stock’s monthly return over the preceding year.
The average distance the data points are spread out from the mean.
A measure of the dispersion of random errors about the mean value. If a large numberof measurements or observations of the same quantity are made, the standard deviation is the square root of the sum of the squares of deviations from the mean value divided by the number of observations less one.
statistical measure of the degree to which an individual value in a probability distribution tends to vary from the mean of the distribution. Indicates probability of a variable or price falling within a certain band around the mean.
The standard deviation of a mutual fund depicts how widely returns varied from an average over a given period of time. When a fund has a higher standard deviation calculated from its historical data, the fund shows a greater volatility because the predicted range of performance is high. The larger the standard deviation, the more volatile are the returns and the riskier is the investment.
A statistical measure of dispersion. It is calculated by taking the square root of the variance. Used for determining the risk of a security.
Standard deviation is the statistical measure of the degree to which an individual value in a probability distribution tends to vary from the mean of the distribution. It is widely applied in modern portfolio theory, where the past performance of securities is used to determine the range of possible future performance, and a probability is attached to each performance. Generally speaking, the greater the degree of dispersion, the greater the risk. = (σ2)1/2 σ2 = variance
The standard deviation of a random variable or list of numbers is the square root of the variance. Stated differently, standard deviation is the root square deviation about the mean. The standard deviation is less than the root square deviation about any point other than the mean. For the normal curve, 68.27 percent of the cases are included in the interval from the mean minus one standard deviation to the mean plus one standard deviation. If the interval is increased to two standard deviations each side of the mean, 95.45 percent of the cases will be included. For three standard deviations, 99.73 percent of the cases will be included. It must not be assumed that this is equally true for distributions that are not normal, but for many distributions, these results will be approximately correct. Standard deviation usually is signified by the lower-case Greek letter sigma.
A mathematical measurement that shows how much a security varies in price. It is used as a mathematical proxy for risk.
A statistical measure of volatility, indicates the 'risk' associated with a return series.
a measure of volatility calculated using historical variations from the mean of a security or a portfolio
The average distance from the observations to e.g. the average in the data material. See also implied volatility.
A set measure of how far things vary from the average result (the mean). The mean is the central (average) measure. The standard deviation is a way of describing how far away from this centre, or average, the values spread. eg A mean waiting time in a hospital emergency room might be two hours, but to cover most people's waiting time, you might have to give or take an hour; the waiting time is therefore 2 hours+1 hour. That extra one hour is the standard deviation. A person who waited 4 hours to be seen would therefore be 2 standard deviations from the mean.
A mathematical measure of variation that can be thought of as an average deviation from the mean. The square root of the variance.
The square root of the variance is the standard deviation; a measure of spread of data points about the mean.
A statistic which measures the variability or dispersion of a set of data. It is calculated from the deviations (distances) between each data value and the sample mean, and is often represented by the letter "s". The more disperse the data is, the larger the standard deviation. The standard deviation squared is called the variance. For data which follows a normal distribution, approximately 68% of all data will fall within one standard deviation of the sample mean, 95% of all values will fall within two standard deviations, and 99.7% of all data will fall within three standard deviations. For data from any distribution, AT LEAST 75% of all values fall within plus and minus two standard deviations, while AT LEAST 89% fall within three standard deviations.
A measure of how a fund's percentage changes over the period have varied from the mean.
A statistical measure of the spread of a set of numbers about their mean value
This is a number – a square root, actually – which reflects the variability of results in a game. It is a statistical measure.
the square root of the variance. Provides a measure of how much scores vary from the mean.
The square root of the variance. A measure of dispersion of a set of data from their mean.
The standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion, or variability, of the data. In essence this is the average distance of any data point in the distribution from the arithmetic average.
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance; it is a statistic that describes the spread or dispersion of scores. Standard deviation is used with a derived scores as an index of how far above or below the mean the score falls.
A statistical measure of the distance a quantity is likely to lie from its average value (i.e. a measure of dispersion). The more widely the scores are spread out, the greater the standard deviation.
the square root of the variance of a probability distribution. The Standard Deviation is one of several indices of variability that characterize the dispersion among the measures in a given population.
The square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the mean. A measure of the dispersion from the mean in a frequency distribution.
A measure of the range of variation from an average of a group of measurements. 68% of all measurements fall within one standard deviation of the average. 95% of all measurements fall within two standard deviations of the average.
A measure of accuracy or precision, calculated as the square root of the variance.
numerical measure of the variation or dispersion in a set of numerical data, which is defined as square root of the quotient of the sum of the squares of all the deviations from the arithmetic mean divided by for a population or by for a sample (where = # of values in the data set); the (lower-case Greek letter, "sigma") is typically used to denote the value for a population while "" denotes the value for a sample
The square root of the variance. It can be taken as the average distance that scores are away from the mean. It gives us vital information to reveal the pattern of scores lying behind a mean score.
Indicator of the relative variability of a variable around its mean; the square root of the variance. (statistics)
Statistical measure of the month-to-month volatility of a fund's returns . Higher numbers indicate greater variation from a benchmark. If the standard deviation for Fund A and Fund B were 8.0 and 4.0, respectively, then Fund A has experienced twice as much variability as Fund B. Money market funds, which have stable asset values and low risk, have standard deviations near zero.
A statistical measure that indicates the width of a distribution around the mean. A standard deviation (Greek letter "s," pronounced "sigma") is the square root of the second moment of a distribution.
Measure of fund volatility in percentages. Standard deviation measures the average variability of the fund's returns over a time period. Stable investments like money market funds have standard deviations near zero, while high-risk equity funds often have a much higher one. A standard deviation of 10 means approximately 68% of the time a fund will be within 10% of its mean (average) price.
A quantitative measure of the amount of variation in a sample of measurements from a population.
A statistic that quantifies the dispersion of scores across a distribution by providing an average of the differences of all scores within the distribution from the mean. The more dispersed the scores are from the mean, the larger the standard deviation will be. value: The results of a comparison between two group averages or means.
a consistent unit of measure above or below the average of a comparison group
a measure of the variation of measurements around their average value, defined as the square root of the sum of squared differences between the average value and all observed values.
A parameter describing the dispersion of a distribution.
(s,BESD,) The standard deviation is a statistical measure of precision. The best estimate of the standard deviation for small data sets is calculated using where xi is the measurement from the i-th run, x-bar is the mean of all the measurements, and is the number of measurements. For very large data sets, the standard deviation is the root-mean-square deviation from the true mean, and is usually written as to distinguish it from the best estimate standard deviation used for small data sets.
Standard error Surveying applications use the formula for sample standard deviation which is; Where; xn is a set of N random numbers with a mean value of µ, and a proportional weight of wn for each xn.
The standard deviation is a descriptive statistic, which is a measure of dispersion, or spread, of sample data around the mean. All data in a sample is used. It is appropriate for data measured at least at interval level.
An absolute measure of dispersion or spread of a set of data points (a distribution) around the data set's mean value, derived by calculating the root mean square of individual deviations from the mean.
The "average" deviation of measurements from the mean value. A measure of the amount of scatter of a group of replicate measurements around the mean value. The larger the standard deviation, the more scattered the individual measurements are around the mean value. A larger standard deviation also means that the precision of the set of measurements is lower (worse), and the accuracy of the overall measurement is worse.
A statistical formula measuring variance from a norm.
How much a set of data is different from the curve it should make when plotted on a graph. Or, the square root of the average of the squares of deviations about the mean of a set of data. Standard deviation is a statistical measure of spread or variability.
(Écart-type) A statistical measure equal to the square root of the variance. It is used to measure the dispersion of a series of regular returns around their average. In the investment world, it measures the level of an investment's risk: a large standard deviation means that yields are subject to substantial fluctuations.
A numerical value given to describe the spread of values of a data set. The larger the standard deviation, the greater the spread. The formula for finding the standard deviation, s, is .
A unit used to measure the amount by which a particular score varies from the mean of all scores in the norm sample.
Standard deviation measures the variability of a fund's return. Funds with high standard deviations exhibit relatively more volatility than those with low standard deviations. A fun'd annual return can be expected to be within one full standard deviation of its average annual return two-thirds of the time. As an example, a fund with an average annual return of 12% and a standard deviation of eight percentage points can be expected to produce an annual return that is within the range of 4% to 20% two-thirds of the time. During the remaining one-third of the time, it would be expected to fall outside of these boundaries.
A measure of the variability of a frequency distribution, calculated as the square root of the variance (V) — SD = . See also variance (V).
A statistical index of variability that describes the spread
A common measure of spread useful for symmetrical distributions and ratio data. 22, 53
A parameter describing the dispersion of a PDF.
A statistic used to express the extent of the divergence of a set of scores from the average of all the scores in the group. In a normal distribution, approximately two-thirds (68.3%) of the scores lie within the limits of one standard deviation above and one standard deviation below the mean. One-sixth of the scores lie more than one standard deviation above the mean, and one-sixth lie more than one standard deviation below the mean.
A measure of the "spread" or variability of values. When the distribution of values is "normal", or fits a bell-shaped curve, 95% of values will fall between ± 2 standard deviations from the mean value.
The square root of the sum of the differences of each data point divided by the number of data points minus one.
Statistical measure of the historical volatility (past price movements) of a portfolio. It measures the dispersion of a fund's periodic returns – both the ups and downs of a fund's return relative to the fund's average return over a minimum of three years. The wider the dispersions, the larger the standard deviation.
A statistical number that gauges how far any one measurement is likely to vary from the mean.
A statistic summarising the variation in any series of numbers. The root mean square of the deviations of a set of numbers from their arithmetic mean.
(see variance) is positive square root of variance. If a random variable is normally distributed ~67% (99%) of its values lie within ± one (three) standard deviation(s) from its mean. [pg 149, 163; 4; 6
A measure of dispersion of data. It is defined as the square root of variance.
a measurement of how variable a fund's returns have been over a fixed period of time (usually 3 years), expressed as a percentage.
A statistical measure of price fluctuation. One use of the standard deviation is...
A statistical volatility measure indicating the dispersion of returns, representing the square root of the variance of data points from the mean.
For returns that are normally distributed, one can say that two-thirds of the time a fund's return will lie within a range of plus or minus one standard deviation of its mean return. For example, A fund with an annualised return of 10% over 5 years with a calculated annualised standard deviation of 20% over the same period can be expected to have its annual return lying within the following return thresholds in 2 out of every 3 years.
A measure of the spread of scores that can be thought of as the average deviation of each score from the mean value.
A measure of dispersion around the mean value of a population. Frequently denoted by sigma, (s) is the square root of the variance.
For an investment portfolio, it measures the variation of returns around the portfolios mean-average return. In other words, it expresses an investment's historical volatility. The further the variation from the average return, the higher the standard deviation.
A measure of the average deviation of data values from the sample mean. The standard deviation is equal to the square root of the variance.
In trading, a Standard Deviation of price data is often used as a measure of volatility. In this context it is usually measured over a fixed number of days rather than over the entire data set. More generally, the standard deviation (SD) of a given data set is derived from its variance, i.e. the arithmetic mean of all the squared distances between the data values and their arithmetic mean: The standard deviation is defined as the square root of the variance: For more info see: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/StandardDeviation.html
The standard deviation is a measure of how spread out a group of data are. The larger the standard deviation, the more spread out the data are.
The most common measure of dispersion or spread It can be used with the mean to describe the distribution of observations. It is the square root of the average of the squared deviations of the observations from their mean.
A calculated value describing the spread in a set of scores. Larger standard deviations result from more scattered sets, with a few extreme values contributing more to the standard deviation that many values near the mean (because differences fro the mean are squared in the formula). The standard deviation is the square root of the average squared deviations of each value from the mean. It is abbreviated SD. The square of the standard deviation is known as the variance. [See also range, variance
A statistical measurement of the dispersion about a fund's average return over a specified time period. It describes how widely returns vary over a designated time period. Investors may examine historical standard deviation in conjunction with historical returns to decide whether a fund's volatility would have been acceptable given the returns it would have produced. A higher standard deviation indicates a wider dispersion of past returns and thus greater historical volatility. Standard deviation does not indicate how the fund actually performed, but merely indicates the volatility of its returns over time.
A measure of the scatter of several sample values around their average. For a sample, the standard deviation (s) is the positive square root of the sample variance: For a finite population, the standard deviation (s) is: where µ is the true arithmetic mean of the population and N is the number of values in the population. The property of the standard deviation that makes it most practically meaningful is that it is in the same units as the observed variable X. For example, the upper 95% probability limit on differences between two values is 2.77 times the sample standard deviation.
The standard deviation (SD) is the square root of the variance. Since the variance is a measure of dispersion in squared units, the standard deviation is a measure of dispersion in the original unit of measurement. For example, consider hemoglobin measurements on two separate groups of women. The measurements in group A may be widely dispersed while the measurements in group B may be clustered around the central point or average. In this case, group A would have greater standard deviation than group B.
(1) A statistic that reflects the degree of variation in a collection of results. Whereas the range reflects only the difference between the high and low values in the sample data, the standard deviation uses all numbers and therefore reports more information about the data. In small sets of numbers, the standard deviation and the range are similar as descriptions of variability.(2) A measure of variation in observed values. (3) Standard deviation, σ, a measurement that defines the spread of data around the average value or mean. The lower the value of standard deviation the better the process is running. Standard deviation of a population is denoted by sigma s, and for a sample it is denoted by s.
Standard deviation tells how spread out numbers are from the average, calculated by taking the square root of the arithmetic average of the squares of the deviations from the mean in a frequency distribution.
How volatile is a fund likely to be? This measurement of historical volatility is often used to help answer that question. It shows the average difference between a portfolio's periodic returns and a benchmark index. The smaller the difference, the lower the standard deviation will be - and the greater the degree of stability you can expect from the fund.
A measure of the dispersion of the frequency distribution. Takedown Schedule The plan providing for the actual transfer of funds from the investors.
the amount of variation that exits in a data series. It is calculated as follows (where is the sample size and is the average of the data series.
For a collection of observations, the standard deviation (S) represents "average" deviation from the mean. It is the square root of the variance.
Measures the amount of variation within a certain distribution. Square root of variance
A statistic that measures how spread out a set of data is. It is defined as the square root of the variance.
A measure of the range of values for a variable, based on the degree of difference of these values from the mean EHR/NSF Evaluation Handbook, Chapter Seven: GlossarySource web site
A statistic describing how closely the data is distributed around the average of the data
A statistic used to measure the variation in a distribution. Sample standard deviation is equal to the square root of (the sum of the squared deviations of the mean divided by the sample size minus 1). Where the whole population is known, the minus 1 "fudge factor" should be omitted.
A measure of the dispersion of a set of numbers.
The standard deviation measures the spread of a set of data around the mean of the data. In a normal distribution, approximately 68 percent of scores fall within plus or minus one standard deviation of the mean, and 95 percent fall within plus or minus two standard deviations of the mean.
A statistical measure of a subaccount's range of performance. When a subaccount has a high degree of deviation, chances are greater that it will fluctuate.
An important measure of risk, based on the statistically measured dispersion of a set of numbers around a central point. The higher, the standard deviation, the higher the uncertainty of return.
a measure of the spread of statistical data given by the square root of the variance of the data.
A way of measuring volatility. A low standard deviation indicates that a funds has had little volatility. A high standard deviation indicates that a fund has had greater volatility
This is a measure of deviation or historic volatility of a portfolio. It measures the dispersion of a fund's periodic returns from its mean value. The wider the dispersion, the higher the standard deviation and thus higher the risk. Lower standard deviation is therefore preferred.
A way of expressing how much a normally-distributed sample of scores is spread out. Nearly all of any sample scores are contained in the range Mean ± 3 Standard Deviations.
A measure of absolute volatility. It is the measure of the square root of the variance of each return from the mean. The higher the figure, the greater the volatility (ie risk).
The measurement of volatility through the tracking of the distribution of a certain set of data.
A statistic used as a measure of the dispersion or variation in a distribution, equal to the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the deviations from the arithmetic mean.
It is a measure of volatility, risk, or statistical dispersion. The standard deviation is calculated by computing the mean of the series. Then taking the deviation by subtracting the mean from each observation, squaring the differences or deviations for each observation, dividing the sum of the squared deviations by the number of observations and finally, calculating the positive square root of the sum of squared deviations. The standard deviation is the positive square root of the variance.
Standard deviation measures a set of (return) data in relation to its mean. Increasing levels of dispersion around the mean lead to higher standard deviations, indicating a higher degree of volatility. Annualized standard deviation converts the monthly deviation to an annual figure.
A measure of the Average dispersion (Deviation from the Mean) of a group of numbers in a distribution, or a spread of Data points, computed as the square root of the average of the squares of the differences between the numbers and their arithmetic mean. www.sceaonline.net Keyword(s): Standard Deviation
The spread of a distribution of numbers. The square root of the square of the variance of a number from the mean.
A statistical measure of a portfolio's risk. It reflects the average deviation of the observations (i.e. quarterly performance results) from their sample mean (the average) over a given period of time. Standard deviations are used as an estimate of risk since they measure how wide the range of returns can typically be. The wider the typical range of returns, the higher the standard deviation of returns, and the higher the portfolio risk. If returns were normally distributed (i.e., have a bell-shaped curve distribution), then approximately 2/3 of the returns would occur within plus or minus one standard deviation from the sample mean. Thus, if the sample mean was, say 15%, and the standard deviation was 11%, then 2/3 of the quarterly returns would fall between 4%(15% - 11%) and 26% (15% + 11%).
A measure which shows the average variability in population from the mean. It is defined as the square root of the variance.
The square root of the mean of the squares of the amount by which each case departs from the mean of all the cases (syn. root mean square deviation).
A statistical quantity used to describe the variation of a measurable attribute about some average value.
The amount of forecast error or variance from the mathematical mean. How close the forecast is to the actual demand for products or goods, expressed as a percentage.
A common measure of portfolio volatility. The distribution of returns around the mean.
(go to top) A measure of the dispersion of a set of data from its average. The higher the value, the more the overall data varies from its average. A fund with an annualised return of 10% and an annualised standard deviation of 5% indicates that over the performance period, returns in any 12 month period have been between 5% and 15% about 2/3rds of the time. See also Volatility.
Calculated as: (P-O)/6, where O = most optimistic time, P = most pessimistic time. (PMI)
A measure of dispersion of data from the average. The root means square of the individual deviation from the average.
Standard deviation is a statistic that measures the dispersion of a sample.
Provides a statistical measure of the range of a fund's returns. A high standard deviation indicates a wide range of returns and, thus, greater volatility.
In probability and statistics, the standard deviation of a probability distribution, random variable, or population or multiset of values is a measure of the spread of its values. It is defined as the square root of the variance.