The process of penetrating the protective coat of dormant seeds by abrasion, nicking, soaking in hot water or acid, or as a result of passage through the digestive tracts of animals or birds, all of which stimulate germination.
small superficial scratches.
the act of treating a hard coated seed by mechanical abrasion or with acid to facilitate water absorption and hasten germination .
The making of a number of superficial incisions in the skin. It is the technique used to administer tularemia and smallpox vaccines.
Permanent patterned marks made by small scratches or cuts on the skin. In many parts of Africa these scars are marks of beauty and a way to identify someone belonging to a particular group.
( skàr´-e-fì-kâ´-shen) - Nicking, sanding, or otherwise compromising the hard outer coating of a seed to increase its water intake and thuspromote germination. Sometimes incorrectly called scarfing.
the physical or chemical treatment given to some seeds in order to weaken the seed coat sufficiently for germination to occur.
The process of etching the seed coat of hard seeds to facilitate water intake and gas exchange so that the seed can germinate; usually accomplished mechanically or with acid.
This is the 'scratching' of the turf surface and is used to either raise up flat lying vegetation or to slightly penetrate into the surface rooting area of the turf.