A fundamental particle that obeys Bose-Einstein statistical rules, but not the Pauli exclusion principle; the spin value of a boson is always an integer. Examples of bosons are alpha particles, photons, and those nuclei which have an even mass number.
a particle with integer spin (e.g. photons). The wave function describing a collection of bosons is symmetric with respect to the exchange of identical particles. Bosons are not constrained by the Pauli exclusion principle and can condense into a single energy state at very low temperatures. This is called Bose-Einstein condensation.
a particle, or pattern of string vibration, with a whole number amount of spin; typically a messenger particle.
A particle with a spin of an integer number (0, 1, 2...). Fundamental bosons are the mediators for interactions.
a particle (as a photon or meson) whose spin is either zero or an integral number
A class of particles with integer units of the basic unit of spin .
A subatomic particle, such as a photon pion and certain atomic nuclei.
any particle that obeys Bose-Einstein statistics but not the Pauli exclusion principle; all nuclei with an even mass number are bosons
a particle of integer spin that obeys Bose-Einstein statistics and is the counterpart of a "fermion", which is a particle of half-integer spin that obeys Fermi-Dirac statistics
a photon carrying electromagnetic energy
A type of particle with "integral angular momentum"—a spin of 0, 1, 2, etc. Spin refers to an intrinsic quality of all particles. Examples of fermions are photons (which are the particles which give us light) and gravitons (which give us gravity). The other type of particle is the fermion.
A particle that has integer intrinsic angular momentum (spin) measured in units of h-bar (spin =0, 1, 2, ...). All particles are either fermions or bosons. The particles associated with all the fundamental interactions (forces) are bosons. Composite particles with even numbers of fermion constituents (quarks) are also bosons.
A particle having spin that is an integer multiple of (h-bar).
In particle physics, bosons, named after Satyendra Nath Bose, are particles having integer spin. Most bosons are composite particles, but four bosons (the so-called gauge bosons) are elementary particles which are not known to be composed of other particles.