a phenomenon in which spirit hand writing appears on a previously unmarked surface.

a development of automatic writing, produced without visible physical contact with the medium and sometimes without writing material. That contact, in an invisible form, may exist is a justified inference from the oft observed synchronized motions of the medium's hands. See DIRECT WRITING.

adevelopment of automatic writing, produced without visible physicalcontact with the medium and sometimes without writing material. Thatcontact, in an invisible form, may exist is a justified inferencefrom the oft observed synchronized motions of the medium's hands. See DIRECTWRITING.

Laser beam is focused to one spot at the substrate plane. A pattern is then generated by moving a substrate relative to the focused beam or by moving the focused beam relative to the substrate.