a republic in the West Indies on the western part of the island of Hispaniola; achieved independence from France in 1804; the poorest and most illiterate nation in the Western Hemisphere
Haiti (Haïti in French; Ayiti in Haitian Creole; Hayti in nineteenth century English), officially the Republic of Haiti, occupies one-third of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. The country also includes many smaller islands such as La Gonâve, La Tortue (Tortuga), Les Cayemites, Île de Anacaona, and La Grande Caye. The uninhabited island of Navasse is claimed by both Haiti and the United States.
Fixed-line teledensity in Haiti is the lowest in Latin America, and mobile penetration is the second lowest after Cuba. Political unrest has severely affected investments in a country where most people have no electricity, telephones, or running water. Fixed-line services are provided by state-owned monopoly operator Teleco, which is inefficient and poorly managed. Mobile telephony, instead, is open to competition. Digicel has become the fourth mobile operator, entering the market in 2006. Although only affordable by the wealthy, mobile phones overtook fixed lines in service in 2002. There are now more than twice as many mobile customers as there are fixed-line subscribers, even though mobile penetration is only around 4%. Internet access is also open to competition. WLL and VoIP are being used to supplement the shortage of fixed lines.
The best Haiti coffees are low acid, medium-bodied, soft and rich. Virtually all Haiti coffees entering the United States are produced by a large group of cooperatives and marketed under the name Haitian Bleu.