First appointed tetrarch of Judea by his Idumaean father Antipater, and later king of Judea about 37 BCE when he sacked Jerusalem. He restored the ruined temple of Jerusalem, a work which began about 20 BCE but was uncompleted at at the time of his death. A Census, registration, or oath of loyalty to Augustus was undertaken to be finished before Feb 5, 2 B.C.E. in the 13th consulship of Augustus. This was probably the enrollment mentioned in Luke 2:1. Herod died soon after a lunar eclipse, possibly the one of Dec 29 1 BCE, and his kingdom was divided among his three remaining sons, Philip who had Ituraea and Trachonitis, Antipas who had Galilee and Perea, and Archelaus who had Judea and Samaria.
Hordos (Hebrew: הוֹרְדוֹס, ; Greek: , ; trad. English: Herod), also known as Herod I or Herod the Great, was a Roman client-king of Judaea (c. 74 BC – c. 4 in Jerusalem). The details of his biography can best be gleaned from the works of the 1st century AD Jewish historian Josephus.