Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (; official — Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in northern Europe. United Nations http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm#europe Geographical region and composition The largest of the three Baltic States situated along the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland and the Russian exclave of the Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest. Lithuania has been a member state of the European Union since May 1 2004.