An outmoded term designating people in traditional, pre-industrial societies who still subscribe to an animistic view of the world and exercise magic and ritual and myth to express their fundamental relation to it. Evolutionists such as James Frazer believed that by studying "the savage mind" of these "primitives," the anthropologist could better understand the earlier stages in the development of the "civilized" mind, which for Frazer meant the collective mind of Western Europe. Partly due to Frazer's extraordinary influence, and partly due to post-WWI disillusionment, a nostalgic idealization of "primitivism" became a primary feature of much modernist art, as can be readily seen in the poetry of T.S. Eliot ( The Waste Land and "The Hollow Men"), the fiction of D.H. Lawrence ("The Fox," "St. Mawr," and The Plumed Serpent), the music of Igor Stravinsky ( The Rite of Spring), and the painting and sculpture of Pablo Picasso, among many other examples.